Device end method for reproducing data from disk, method for controlling rotation of disk, and reproduction clock generating device

ABSTRACT

A virtual RAM read address generating circuit (41) generates a virtual address on the basis of an output signal of a crystal oscillation circuit (36). A phase comparison circuit (39) which performs phase comparison with a write address, and a spindle control circuit (3) which controls rotation of a disk with reference to outputs of a frequency comparison circuit (38) and the phase comparison circuit (39) are disposed. Therefore, a phase error can be fed back to a spindle motor, thereby preventing linear velocity deviation from occurring in a steady state. By using the thus configured reproducing device, the reproduction quality in the case where a disk wherein recording was performed by the CLV system is reproduced by the variable linear velocity reproduction system is ensured, and both high-speed access and low power consumption are realized.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a reproducing device and reproducingmethod for a disk such as a CD-ROM in which coded data are recorded, andparticularly to a device and method of reproducing an optical disk inwhich data are recorded in the constant linear velocity system.

BACKGROUND ART

Recently, as an example of a device for reproducing data recorded on anoptical disk, there are a compact disk player (hereinafter, referred toas CD player), a CD-ROM drive device in which a compact disk(hereinafter, referred to as CD) is used a read-only memory, etc. As aCD-ROM drive device becomes popular, the request for providing a CD-ROMdrive device with a reproducing function which enables fast access whileattaining low-power consumption is growing.

Recording systems for a disk include the constant linear velocity system(hereinafter, referred to as CLV system) which is characterized inhigh-density recording, and the constant angular velocity system(hereinafter, referred to as CAV system) which is characterized inhigh-speed search. For example, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication(Tokkai) No. Hei6-36289 discloses a method in which a disk whereinrecording was performed by the CLV system is reproduced underCAV-rotation. Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication (Tokkai) No.Sho62-88170 discloses a method in which a disk wherein recording wasperformed by the CLV system is reproduced at a linear velocity higherthan a specified linear velocity. In the former method, influences ofthe rotation settlement of a spindle servo can be eliminated, and thepickup-moving time is substantially equal to the access time. The latteris a system in which reproduction can be started even in a period whenthe CLV rotation settlement has not yet reached the final linearvelocity. As the rotation number of a spindle motor is increased to adouble speed or a quadruple speed, the effects of these systems arefurther recognized. For example, results of a technical study on thevariable linear velocity reproduction system are reported in NIKKEIELECTRONICS No. 628 (Feb. 13, 1995), pp. 111 to 119. In the report ofNIKKEI ELECTRONICS, the term of variable velocity reproduction is used.In the following description, however, reproduction under the statewhere the linear velocity has not yet reached the final target is calledthe variable linear velocity reproduction system.

In a usual CD player or a CD-ROM device, the read clock signal is fixed,and the rotation of a disk is synchronized in phase with the read clocksignal. Such a player or device is configured so that data which wereonce stored in a memory or the like by using the write clock signalsynchronized with the regenerative clock signal are read out insynchronization with the read clock signal, thereby absorbing the timefluctuation.

By contrast, in a CD-ROM drive device, it is not particularly necessaryto read out data by using a fixed clock signal. Therefore, such a devicemay be configured so as to read out data in accordance with rotation ofa disk. The above-mentioned variable linear velocity reproduction systemis a reproduction system which was developed in view of the above.

Prior Art Example 1

Hereinafter, a conventional CD-ROM drive device using the CLV system,and the variable linear velocity reproduction system exemplified byJapanese Patent Unexamined Publication (Tokkai) No. Hei3-36289 will bedescribed.

FIG. 57 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventionalCD-ROM drive device using the CLV system. The device comprises: a CD-ROMdisk (hereinafter, referred to as CD) 1 wherein recording was performedby the CLV system; an optical pickup 5; a binarizing circuit 8 whichconverts a reproduced signal into a digital signal; an EFM (Eight toFourteen Modulation code) demodulation circuit 10; a serial-parallelconverting circuit 30; a write clock signal generating circuit 31; a PLL(Phase Locked Loop) circuit 9 which extracts a clock signal from abinary signal; a synchronization detecting circuit 11 which extracts asynchronizing signal recorded in each frame; a buffer RAM 13 which isused as a temporary memory for storing EFM-demodulated data andexecuting absorption of rotation jitter and error correction based on aCIRC (Cross Interleave Reed-Solomon Code); a parallel-serial convertingcircuit 32; a read clock signal generating circuit 33; a RAM writeaddress generating circuit 34 which generates a write address for thebuffer RAM 13; a RAM read address generating circuit 35 which generatesa read address for the buffer RAM 13; a crystal oscillation circuit 36;a frequency divider 37; a CD-ROM decoder 22 which performs a CD-ROMdecoding process; a CIRC decoder 21 which executes error correctionbased on a CIRC; a frequency comparison circuit 38 which compares theoutput of the PLL circuit 9 with that of the crystal oscillation circuit36 and obtains a frequency difference; a phase comparison circuit 39which compares the output of the RAM write address generating circuit 34with that of the RAM read address generating circuit and obtains a phasedifference; a spindle control circuit 3 which controls a spindle motorby using results of the frequency comparison and the phase comparison;the spindle motor 2; and a traverse motor 7 which moves the opticalpickup 5 in a radial direction.

Hereinafter, the operation of the device shown in FIG. 57 will bedescribed.

The optical pickup 5 performs focus and tracking processes on pitstrings on the CD 1, and outputs a reproduced analog signal. The outputis converted into a digital signal by way of the binarizing circuit 8.The digital signal is demodulated by the EFM demodulation circuit 10.Then, the clock signal is extracted by the PLL circuit 9, and thesynchronizing signal recorded in each frame is detected by thesynchronization detecting circuit 11. An address for the buffer RAM 13is generated by using the synchronizing signal extracted by thesynchronization detecting circuit 11. On the other hand, in a signalprocessing side, the output of the crystal oscillation circuit 36 isused as the reference clock signal. The read address is generated fromthe reference clock signal. The signal processing side is a portion(including the CIRC decoder 21) which executes the data processingsubsequent to the buffer RAM 13. The buffer RAM 13 is used as a bufferfor absorption of rotation jitter and error correction. In a compactdisk player which is used for the purpose of audio, generally, such abuffer for absorbing rotation jitter is disposed in order to preventrotation fluctuation due to rotation of a motor from being transmittedto a reproduced audio signal. The phase comparator 39 compares the phasedifference between the clock signal written into the buffer RAM 13 andthat read out therefrom, and the phase difference is used in the controlof the spindle motor 2, thereby enabling the difference between thewrite and read addresses generated by rotation fluctuation to becanceled in a rotation control side.

FIG. 58 illustrates the memory management of the buffer RAM 13 of FIG.57, in the form of a ring. The buffer RAM 13 is divided into an errorcorrection region and a rotation jitter absorption region, and performsaddress generation and a ring buffer operation. Reproduced data arewritten into a clockwise direction. Similarly, the operation of readingout reproduced data is performed in a clockwise direction. Reproduceddata are stored in a region extending from point C to point A in aclockwise direction. Therefore, the region extending from point A topoint C is a spare space region. The spindle motor 2 is controlled sothat the write address is settled down to point C where is the middlepoint of the rotation jitter absorption region. When the rotation jitteris operated in a direction along which the data transfer rate isincreased, point C approaches point A in a counterclockwise direction.When the rotation jitter is operated in a direction along which the datatransfer rate is reduced, point C approaches point B in a clockwisedirection.

FIG. 59 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the variablelinear velocity reproduction system which is formed with reference tothe above-mentioned patent publication (Japanese Patent UnexaminedPublication (Tokkai) No. Hei3-36289). This configuration is differentfrom the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 57 in that the outputs ofthe PLL circuit 9 and the crystal oscillation circuit 36 are supplied tothe spindle control circuit 3, and that a clock signal for signalprocessing generating circuit 40 to which the output of the PLL circuit9 is supplied is additionally disposed and the output of the circuit isused in place of that of the crystal oscillation circuit 36 in FIG. 57.The clock signal for signal processing generating circuit 40 generatesthe reference clock signal from the clock signal extracted by the PLLcircuit 9.

Hereinafter, the operation of the circuit of FIG. 59 will be described.The same components as those used in FIG. 57 operate in the same manner.In the circuit of FIG. 59, the read clock signal is generated in theclock signal for signal processing generating circuit 40, and thespindle control is performed on the basis of the frequency comparisonwith the crystal oscillation circuit 36. According to thisconfiguration, even when the rotation settlement of the spindle motorrequires a prolonged period of time or the linear velocity is differentfrom the final target, reproduction of data can be started. The CD-ROMdecoder 22 is usually provided with a temporary memory of 64 kilobytesor more, and configured so as to smoothly conduct the data transfer witha host computer. In the case of a disk device for a computer, such as aCD-ROM drive device, therefore, there are occasions when fluctuation ofthe transfer speed of a reproduced signal does not produce a seriousproblem. When such configuration is employed, data reproduction isenabled even when the linear velocity has not yet reached the target,with the result that the torque of the spindle motor 2 in the case wherethe motor is shifted to high-speed rotation can be reduced. Furthermore,the heat generation and low-power consumption of the motor can berealized by the reduction of the motor torque.

In the configuration of the variable linear velocity reproduction systemsuch as shown in FIG. 59, however, the spindle control system performsonly the frequency comparison, and has a problem in that the systeminvolves fixed linear velocity deviation from the target linearvelocity.

Even if the linear velocity deviation is allowed, the configuration hasanother problem in that, when failure of reproduction of data on thedisk due to fingerprints, scratches, or the like occurs to cause theoutput of the PLL circuit 5 to fluctuate, differences of the writeaddress and the read address are cumulated. When a disk of a lowreproduction quality is to be reproduced for a long period, for example,this problem appears as a symptom of data reproduction failure in theunit of interleave which exceeds the range of an error generated by ascratch on the disk surface or the like.

FIG. 60 is a timing chart illustrating the problem. The format shown inthe upper portion of FIG. 60 is a data format of 1 frame of a CD. Thetiming chart shown in the second stage is a regenerative clock signalrequired for processing the frame format of the CD in the unit of achannel bit. The clock signal is an ideal one in which 588 clock pulsesappear in 1 frame. By contrast, a regenerative clock signal shown in thethird state shows the case where a clock signal extraction failureperiod occurs at some midpoint. When the PLL circuit 9 is subjected tofluctuation due to fingerprints, scratches, or the like, a count erroris produced as described above. By contrast, when the clock signal inthe RAM address read side which is generated by the clock signal forsignal processing generating circuit 40 is not caused to largelyfluctuate, the count difference is cumulated as an error. In some case,the cumulative clock signal error is cumulated in the system ascumulation of differences of clock pulse numbers, and, in other cases,cumulated as a cumulative phase difference between the write and readsignals for the buffer RAM 13. In some cases, even when a difference ofclock pulse numbers and a phase difference do not occur in a fixedperiod, clock signal fluctuation or phase fluctuation may occur in ashort period. Also in the cases, such fluctuation appears similarly as asymptom of data reproduction failure.

Furthermore, it is possible to realize the low-power consumption due toreduction of the motor torque. However, reduction of the motor torquecauses a problem in that the time (the spin-up time) elapsed before therotation number reaches a predetermined value and the read operation isenabled is prolonged.

Moreover, the reduction causes another problem in that deterioration ofthe reproduction quality owing to disturbance or the like occurs duringthe period when variable linear velocity reproduction is executed.

When the spin-up time is to be ensured without reducing the motortorque, there arises a problem in that heat generation and powerconsumption are increased.

In the execution of variable linear velocity reproduction, in the casewhere the gain of the spindle motor is simply reduced, the powerconsumption can be lowered by reducing the control current of the motor.In the case where the range of the reproducing speed which can beprocess by the signal processing system is narrow, however, there is aproblem in that the time elapsed before the rotation number reaches thetarget and the read operation is enabled is prolonged and the accesstime becomes long.

Prior Art Example 2

FIG. 61 is a block diagram showing the configuration of anotherconventional CD-ROM drive device. In FIG. 61, a spindle motor 2 whichrotates a CD 1 by the CLV system is controlled by a spindle controlcircuit 3. A crystal oscillation circuit 4 generates a fixed clocksignal which is used in the spindle control. An optical pickup 5 whichreads out digital data recorded on the CD 1 is moved to a targetposition by a traverse motor 7 which is controlled by an access controlcircuit 6. A binarizing circuit 8 shapes the waveform of the output ofthe optical pickup 5 and digitizes the output. A regenerative clocksignal extracting PLL circuit 9 extracts a regenerative clock signalfrom reproduced data which are the output of the binarizing circuit. AnEFM demodulation circuit 10 demodulates the reproduced data by using theregenerative clock signal, and outputs the demodulated data. Asynchronization detecting circuit 11 detects a synchronizing signal forsignal processing and outputs a synchronization detection signal. Abuffer write control circuit 12 generates a write clock signal (writeclock signal) and a write address (write address) for storing thedemodulated data into a buffer 13, from the synchronization detectionsignal and the regenerative clock signal.

A clock signal for signal processing generating PLL circuit 19 comprisesa regenerative clock signal divider 17 which divides the frequency ofthe regenerative clock signal, a clock signal for signal processingdivider 18 which divides the frequency of the clock signal for signalprocessing, a phase comparator 15, a filter 14, and a voltage controlledoscillator (hereinafter, referred to as VCO) 16 which generates theclock signal for signal processing. The oscillation frequency of the VCO16 is determined by feeding back via the filter 14 the phase error ofthe phase comparator 15 which phase-compares a regenerative clockdivision signal that is the output of the regenerative clock signaldivider 17 with a clock signal for signal processing division signalthat is the output of the clock signal for signal processing divider 18.

A buffer read control circuit 20 generates, by using the clock signalfor signal processing, a read clock signal (read clock signal) and aread address (read address) for reading out demodulated data stored inthe buffer. A CIRC decoder 21 performs signal processing such as errorcorrection on the read out demodulated data, and then outputs the data(hereinafter, the data are referred to as CD data). The CD-ROM decoder22 takes out user data in the CD-ROM format from the CD data.

The whole operation of the thus configured CD-ROM drive device of theprior art example 2 will be described.

First, when the CD-ROM drive device reproduces data at the standardspeed, the spindle control circuit 3 controls the rotation number of thespindle motor 2 so that the linear velocity at the current reproductionposition is about 1.3 m/s. This is performed by conducting the rotationcontrol so that the regenerative clock signal extracted from thereproduced data is synchronized with the fixed clock signal generated bythe crystal oscillation circuit 4 and the regenerative clock signal is4.3218 MHz. The reproduced data are demodulated by the EFM demodulationcircuit 10 by using the regenerative clock signal, and then stored asdemodulated data into the buffer 13.

FIG. 62 shows the frame format of a CD and the signal timing. One frameof a CD is configured by a sequence of the synchronizing signal, acontrol signal, 12 bytes of data, 4 bytes of error correction parity, 12bytes of data, and 4 bytes of error correction parity. In normalreproduction, 1 frame consists of 588 regenerative clock pulses.

The demodulated data which are demodulated by using the regenerativeclock signal are converted into parallel signals in the unit of 1 byte,and then sequentially written into the buffer in accordance with thewrite clock signal which is output from the buffer write control circuit12 and used for transfer in the unit of 1 byte, and the write address inthe unit of a frame.

The read clock signal and the read address are generated from the clocksignal for signal processing by the buffer read control circuit 20. Inthe case of music reproduction, for example, the clock signal for signalprocessing is subjected to 2-channel sampling at 16 bits/sample at thesampling frequency in which the recording rate of musical data of the CDis 44.1 KHz. Therefore, 1.4112 Mbits/sec. is attained. It is preferableto use an integer multiple of 1.4112 MHz as the clock signal for signalprocessing. In consideration of decoding of CIRC, etc., usually, a fixedclock signal of 8.4672 MHz which is six times. Consequently, the clocksignal for signal processing for 1 frame consists of 1,152 clock pulses.

FIG. 63 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the buffer. Thebuffer 13 has a capacity of, for example, ±4 frames, and is configuredso that a predetermined byte is stored at an address in the unit of aframe with using the synchronizing signal as the reference. With respectto the write address and the read address, the same addresses exist atpositions which are shifted from each other by 4 frames. In the casewhere the write address and the read address coincide with each other,therefore, when demodulated data are written, demodulated data whichwere written at the timing preceding by four frames before are read out.

The demodulated data read out from the buffer 13 are transferred to amemory for storing an amount of data which is required for decoding inthe CIRC decoder 21, and subjected to error correction, etc. by usingthe clock signal for signal processing. The CD data are sent to theCD-ROM decoder 22 and reproduced as user data.

When the clock signal for signal processing is fixed as in the case of aCD player, a difference between the write address and the read addressis produced in the case where disturbance causes the rotation of thedisk to fluctuate and the reproducing speed of reproduced data ischanged. In such a case, rotation fluctuation of 3 frames or less can beabsorbed by the buffer 13. When a difference of 4 frames or more iscaused by large rotation fluctuation or the like, however, thedemodulated data stored in the buffer 13 become empty or full tooverflow, with the result that the signal processing cannot be correctlyperformed.

To comply with this, in a prior art CD-ROM drive device, theregenerative clock signal divider 17 which divides the frequency of theregenerative clock signal is set to perform 147 divisions, and the clocksignal for signal processing divider 18 which divides the frequency ofthe clock signal for signal processing is set to perform 288 divisions.A phase comparison is conducted, and the clock signal for signalprocessing is generated based on the error in the comparison. Accordingto this configuration, in normal reproduction, the oscillation frequencyof the VCO is 8.4672 MHz and equal to that of music data reproduction.When the rotation number of the spindle motor 2 is changed duringreproduction by disturbance or the like and the cycle of theregenerative clock signal fluctuates, generally, the fluctuation has alow frequency. Therefore, the clock signal for signal processing can besufficiently followed because of the properties of the clock signal forsignal processing generating PLL circuit 19, and hence an overflow orthe blank state in the buffer due to excessive reading of thedemodulated data does not occur. This is described in, for example,Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication (Tokkai) No. Sho60-195781.

In the case where the thus configured CD-ROM drive device is used, whentrack access from the current reproduction position is performed inorder to reproduce data recorded at a different position, reproductionis enabled even when the disk has not yet reached the predeterminedrotation number even at the timing when the optical pickup reaches thetarget position, thereby realizing high-speed access. This is describedin, for example, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication (Tokkai) No.Hei6-36289.

In the prior art configuration shown in FIG. 61, however, whenabnormality is produced in reproduced data because of a defect on thedisk or the like, there may arise the case where the extraction of theregenerative clock signal is not satisfactorily performed and thefrequency of the regenerative clock signal is disturbed. As a result,the relationship between the number of the regenerative clock signal andthat of the clock signal for signal processing is broken, and hence anoverflow or a blank state occurs in the buffer, thereby producing aproblem in that data reproduction cannot be correctly performed.

When the disk has not yet reached the predetermined rotation number atthe timing when the optical pickup reaches the target position as aresult of the access operation, the response of the clock signal forsignal processing generating PLL circuit 19 is slower than theextraction of the regenerative clock signal, and hence the generation ofthe clock signal for signal processing synchronized with theregenerative clock signal requires a prolonged period. Therefore, anoverflow or a blank state occurs in the buffer 13, so that variationsare produced in timings of starting reproduction.

Moreover, the device has further problems which lead to increase of theproduction cost, such as that, in order to generate the clock signal forsignal processing, the clock signal for signal processing generating PLLcircuit 19 consisting of the regenerative clock signal divider 17, theclock signal for signal processing divider 18, the phase comparator 15,the filter 14, and the VCO 16 is required and the circuit scale isincreased.

These problems will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 64and 65. FIG. 64 is a chart illustrating the manner of settlement of theclock signal for signal processing in the case where a defect exists onthe disk. When the division ratios of the regenerative clock signaldivider 17 and the clock signal for signal processing divider 18 are setto be 147 and 288, respectively, the frequency-divided signals of theregenerative clock signal and the clock signal for signal processinghave 4 pulses per 1 frame.

When a defect exists on the disk, reproduced data cannot be correctlydetected. In accordance with the erroneous detection, therefore, alsothe frequency of the regenerative clock signal is abruptly shifted to anabnormal one, so that the cycle of the frequency-divided signal of theregenerative clock signal is changed. Because of the properties of theclock signal for signal processing generating PLL circuit 19, however,it is impossible to abruptly change the frequency of the clock signalfor signal processing. Namely, the frequency is changed in such a mannerthat the clock signal for signal processing is gradually synchronizedwith the frequency-divided signal of the regenerative clock signal whichhas been shifted in phase. In the case where the extraction of theregenerative clock signal is not correctly performed because of a defectin an n-th frame and only 560 clock pulses of the regenerative clocksignal are generated in the n-th frame, for example, the cycle of thefrequency-divided signal of the regenerative clock signal is prolonged.However, the clock signal for signal processing generating PLL circuitcannot follow the abrupt phase change, and a signal of 1,152 clockpulses is generated in the n-th frame. When the phase synchronization isrealized in the next (n+1)-th frame, the clock signal for signalprocessing in the (n+1)-th frame has about 1,097 clock pulses. In thiscase, since the write address and the write clock signal for the bufferare generated with using the synchronization detection signal as thereference, the change to the next address is normally conducted by thesynchronization detection signal even when some pulses of theregenerative clock signal lack. Since the read clock signal and the readaddress are generated in a synchronized manner, however, data of 1 framecannot be transferred in the (n+1)-th frame and the transfer isprolonged to the (n+2)-th frame. This causes the writing timing and thereading timing in the buffer to be shifted from each other. This shiftwill be continued even when the situation in which the regenerativeclock signal is correctly extracted is again established. When a CDhaving a number of defects is reproduced, the shift may be furtherenhanced by each of the defects, and hence an overflow or a blank statein the buffer due to excessive reading of the demodulated data occurs.The lack of data owing to such defects can be corrected by errorcorrection. When an overflow or a blank state occurs in the buffer,however, the writing may be performed at an address which has not beenread out or the data of an address which has been already read out maybe again read out, with the result that the CIRC decoder 21 cannotcorrectly decode data. In order to prevent an overflow or a blank statefrom occurring in the buffer, therefore, the buffer must have asufficient capacity.

Next, variations of timings of starting reproduction during the accessoperation will be described with reference to FIG. 65. FIG. 65 is achart illustrating the state of the clock signal for signal processingbefore and after the access operation.

First, the optical pickup 5 reproduces an inner peripheral position ofthe CD 1. The access operation is started at time t1. Before time t1,therefore, the rotation number of the CD 1 is high, the linear velocityhas a predetermined value or remains constant, and both the regenerativeclock signal and the clock signal for signal processing proceed atnormal frequencies. During times t1 and t2, the traverse operation formoving to the target position is conducted so that the optical pickup 5reaches the target position at time t2. During the period before theoptical pickup 5 reaches the target position, since correct reproduceddata cannot be detected, the extraction of the regenerative clock signalis aborted, and the frequency is held to the oscillation frequencyobtained at t1. At time t2 when the optical pickup 5 reaches the targetposition, the rotation number of the CD 1 has not yet reached thepredetermined one. This is caused by the fact that it is difficult toabruptly change the rotation of a disk because of problems in propertiesand heat generation of the spindle motor. Consequently, the linearvelocity at time t2 is higher than the predetermined linear velocity.During the period after the optical pickup 5 reaches the target positionand before time t3, the regenerative clock signal is promptly extractedby the regenerative clock signal for signal processing generating PLLcircuit 19. However, the frequency of the clock signal for signalprocessing cannot be abruptly changed because of the properties of theclock signal for signal processing generating PLL circuit 19, andgradually approaches the frequency for a higher linear velocity. At timet4, the clock signal for signal processing is settled to the frequencycorresponding to the linear velocity. The frequency shift occurringduring this period causes the buffer 13 to repeat overflow. Since thetiming of time t4 is varied depending on the position of the start ofthe traverse, the period of the traverse, etc., also the time whennormal data reproduction is enabled is varied.

At time t4, the relationship between the write address and the readaddress is indefinite. Consequently, a defect on the CD 1 mayimmediately produce the problems of overflow, etc.

When the portion for extracting the regenerative clock signal in a priorart device is configured by a semiconductor LSI, the properties of theregenerative clock signal for signal processing generating PLL circuitare varied depending on the semiconductor process. As a result, therearises a problem in that correct data cannot be detected and the errorrate of reproduced data is increased.

Prior Art Example 3

FIG. 66 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a furtherconventional CD-ROM drive device.

In FIG. 66, data are recorded on a CD 1 in a system in which the linearrecording density is constant. An optical pickup 5 detects andreproduces the recorded signals on the CD 1 as analog waveforms. Abinarizing circuit 8 binarizes the analog waveforms. A regenerativeclock signal extracting means PLL circuit 9 extracts a regenerativeclock signal for reproducing data from the binarized signal, by means ofa PLL (Phase Locked Loop). A synchronization detecting circuit 11detects a frame synchronizing signal from the output of the binarizingcircuit 8. When a disk of a constant linear recording density is rotatedat a constant angular velocity, the frequencies of the regenerativeclock signal and the frame synchronizing signal are lower as the opticalpickup 5 is at a more inner peripheral side, and higher as the opticalpickup is at a more outer peripheral side. Demodulation/correction means316 demodulates data from the output of the binarizing circuit 8 insynchronization with the frame synchronizing signal, and performs codeerror correction based on a CIRC (Cross Interleave Reed-Solomon Code). ACD-ROM decoder means 22 descrambles scrambled data of a CD-ROM outputfrom the demodulation/correction means 316, subjects the descrambleddata to error detection and correction as CD-ROM data, and outputs thedata. Spindle motor means 2 rotates the CD 1. A spindle control circuit3 compares the outputs of a crystal oscillation circuit 36 as areference clock signal generating means and the synchronizationdetecting circuit 11 with each other, and controls the spindle motormeans 2 in a closed loop so that the linear velocity of the CD 1 isconstant.

The operation of the thus configured CD-ROM drive device of the priorart example 3 in the track access will be described. It is assumed thatthe optical pickup 5 is first at a predetermined position and the CD 1is rotated at a constant linear velocity. The optical pickup 5 is movedto a target position on the CD 1. During the movement of the opticalpickup 5, the synchronization detecting means 11 cannot detect the framesynchronizing signal. When the rotation control of the CD 1 is to beperformed simultaneously with the movement of the optical pickup 5,usually, the methods described below are used in the control of thespindle motor means 2.

Namely, such methods include the method in which signal components ofthe shortest cycle of modulated signals recorded on the CD 1 areextracted and the control is performed on the basis of the cycle, themethod which is performed in response to compelled acceleration anddeceleration commands in an open loop, and the method in which means fordetecting the rotation number of the spindle motor means 2 is disposedand the control is performed in a closed loop (this is referred to as FGcontrol system). Consequently, it is assumed that the spindle controlcircuit 3 is controlled by one of the above-described methods described.When the optical pickup 5 is moved to the target position, theregenerative clock signal and the frame synchronizing signal which havea frequency proportional to the linear velocity corresponding to therotation number of the disk at this timing are output from theregenerative clock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 and thesynchronization detecting circuit 11, respectively. The spindle controlcircuit 3 compares the reference clock signal from the crystaloscillation circuit 36 with the frame synchronizing signal from thesynchronization detecting circuit 11, and controls the spindle motormeans 2 so that the linear velocity of the CD 1 is coincident with thepredetermined linear velocity. During this process, thedemodulation/correction means 316 demodulates and corrects the data, butcannot obtain correct results. When the linear velocity of the CD 1 thenreaches the predetermined linear velocity, the PLL of the regenerativeclock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 is locked. At this timing, thedemodulation/correction means 316 can correctly perform demodulation andcorrection of the data. The demodulated and corrected data are output tothe CD-ROM decoder 22 at a constant transfer rate by using the referenceclock signal from the crystal oscillation circuit 36, and reproductionof the CD-ROM data is started. The address information is detected fromthe reproduced CD-ROM data, whereby data can be read out from the targetposition on the CD 1.

However, the system described above has a problem in that data cannot bereproduced until the linear velocity of the CD 1 reaches thepredetermined linear velocity and hence the access time is prolonged. Inorder to avoid the above-discussed problem, therefore, another system isrecently attempted. In the system, the pull-in range (lock range) of thePLL of the regenerative clock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 iswidened, and the output of the demodulation/correction means 316 isperformed by using the regenerative clock signal of the regenerativeclock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 in place of the reference clocksignal, so as to be transferred to the CD-ROM decoder 22. This isdescribed in, for example, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication(Tokkai) No. Hei6-36289.

Conventionally, a CD-ROM drive device is configured by using theconfiguration of a reproduction device for a compact disk, as it is. Ina reproduction device for a compact disk, reproduction must be performedat a constant transfer rate in order to perform audio reproduction. In aCD-ROM drive device, however, data reproduction is not always requiredto be performed at a constant transfer rate. Therefore, theabove-described system has been developed. In this system, i.e., thevariable linear velocity reproduction system, thedemodulation/correction means 316 performs demodulation and correctionat the timing when the optical pickup 5 is moved to the target position.Even when the linear velocity of the CD 1 has not yet reached thepredetermined linear velocity, the PLL of the regenerative clock signalextracting PLL circuit 9 is locked, thereby allowing thedemodulation/correction means 316 to correctly perform demodulation andcorrection at this timing. The demodulated and corrected data can beoutput to the CD-ROM decoder 22 at a transfer rate depending on thelinear velocity of the CD 1. According to this configuration, the accesstime can be largely shortened.

However, the access operation of a device of the variable linearvelocity reproduction system such as the prior art example 3 describedabove involves the following problem. In access from the inner peripheryto the outer periphery, for example, when the torque of the spindlemotor means is so small that the rotation control of a disk is notsufficiently performed, the linear velocity of the disk becomes veryhigh (the data reproducing speed is increased) and exceeds the limit ofthe adaptive ability of the data reproduction system, with the resultthat correct data cannot be reproduced. As a method which can preventthis problem from occurring, reported is an example (Japanese PatentUnexamined Publication (Tokkai) No. Hei6-119710) in which the frequencyof the regenerative clock signal extracted by a PLL is measured, wherebythe maximum reproducing speed (hereinafter, referred to as maximumlinear velocity) is judged. In this case, even when the PLL is notperfectly locked, data reproduction may be erroneously started, therebyproducing a problem in that the minimum error rate required in datareproduction cannot be ensured.

By contrast, when the rotation control of a disk is not sufficientlyperformed in access from the inner periphery to the outer periphery, thelinear velocity of the disk is very low. In this case, a conventionalsystem in which only the maximum linear velocity is supervised has aproblem in that, in a kind of an application software for a CD-ROM, thelinear velocity is lower than the minimum reproducing speed at whichoperation is enabled (hereinafter, the speed is referred to as minimumlinear velocity), thereby presenting a danger that a normal operationcannot be expected.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

It is an object of the invention to ensure the reproduction quality inthe case where a disk wherein recording was performed by the CLV systemis reproduced by the variable linear velocity reproduction system, andrealize both high-speed access and low power consumption.

The disk reproducing device of the invention comprises: phase comparisonmeans for generating a virtual data read address from reference clocksignal generating means, and performing phase comparison with a writeaddress; and spindle control means for controlling rotation of a diskwith reference to an output of frequency comparison means and an outputof the phase comparison means. According to this configuration, a phaseerror can be fed back to a spindle motor, thereby preventing linearvelocity deviation from occurring in a steady state.

The disk reproducing device of the invention comprises: phase comparisonmeans for referring outputs of write address means and read addressmeans, and performing phase comparison; spindle control means forcontrolling rotation of a disk with reference to an output of frequencycomparison means and an output of the phase comparison means; and holdsignal generating means for referring the output of the phase comparisonmeans, and, when a phase error is not smaller than a constant value,holding an oscillation frequency of clock signal for signal processinggenerating means. According to this configuration, cumulative errorbetween the read and write clock signals which is caused by fingerprintsor scratches can be fed back to the control for a spindle motor, andhence it is possible to avoid a reproduction disable state due to thecumulative error.

In the disk reproducing method of the invention, a disk is rotated at afirst linear velocity, the disk is then rotated at a second linearvelocity which is higher than the first linear velocity, servoproperties are automatically adjusted after the first linear velocity isattained, reproduction of a management region into which contents of adisk are written is started during a period when the first linearvelocity is increased to the second linear velocity, and, afterinformation of the management region is reproduced, reproduction of adata region is enabled. The method enables timing of starting datareproduction to be advanced.

The disk reproducing device of the invention comprises: spindle servoproperty switching means for using a plurality of closed loop propertiesfor controlling a spindle motor, with switching over the properties;linear velocity supervisory means for supervising a linear velocity; andspindle control switching means for switching over properties of thespindle servo property switching means with reference to a judgementresult of the linear velocity supervisory means. According to thisconfiguration, a spindle control command which is one of disturbancefactors in a period when the linear velocity is changed can be set to besmall, thereby realizing stable data reproduction.

In the disk reproducing method of the invention, a function ofperforming a read-ahead process in which data are reproduced from datareproduction blocks is provided, the number of the data reproductionblocks being larger than a block number requested in one datareproduction request, a spindle motor is controlled with reference to aperiod when blocks corresponding to the data reproduction request are tobe reproduced, and the control of the spindle motor is stopped withreference to a period when the read-ahead process in which no datareproduction request is issued is to be performed. According to thisconfiguration, power consumption can be reduced by a degree larger thanthat of reduction of power consumption which is attained by reducing themotor torque.

The disk reproducing device of the invention comprises: spindle servoproperty switching means for using a plurality of closed loop propertiesfor controlling a spindle motor, with switching over the properties;linear velocity supervisory means for supervising a linear velocity; andspindle control switching means for switching over properties of thespindle servo property switching means with reference to a judgementresult of the linear velocity supervisory means. According to thisconfiguration, the power consumption and heat generation of a spindlemotor can be suppressed to a level as low as possible while high-speedaccess is performed, and data reading can be performed at a high speed.Namely, when the spindle is to be accelerated, the time constant of theservo is increased, and, when the spindle is to be decelerated, the timeconstant of the servo is reduced. As a result, the variation amount ofthe disk rotation is considerably reduced, and the power consumption andheat generation of the motor can be suppressed to a very low level ascompared with the case of constant linear velocity reproduction.Simultaneously, in both acceleration and deceleration, the access timecan be shortened. After the movement of a pickup is ended, the gain ofthe spindle servo property is made larger in acceleration, therebyallowing the velocity to reach more rapidly the target reproductionvelocity. By contrast, in deceleration, the gain is reduced, so thatdata are transferred more rapidly. When the spindle control is turnedOFF during the deceleration, it is possible to save the control currentto be supplied to the motor. Therefore, the power consumption and heatgeneration can be suppressed to a level as low as possible. Thejudgement on acceleration and deceleration of the spindle motor can becorrectly performed by comparing the rotational cycle of the disk.

In the disk reproducing device of the invention, in access to a targetaddress, the gain of the spindle servo property is made smaller in azone in which a spindle speed command is inverted, thereby reducinginfluences on the rotation number of the disk as much as possible. Afterthe pickup position passes through the spindle command inversion zone,the gain of the spindle servo property is made larger so that therotation number is rapidly directed to the target. This can suppress awaste change of rotation to a level as low as possible. As a result,needless rotation variation which is originally unnecessary can besuppressed, and waste energy consumption and heat generation can beprevented from occurring.

The disk rotation control method of the invention is a method in whichcycle detecting means detects a rotational cycle of a disk, spindlecommand switching means allows spindle motor means to be used withswitching over a plurality of command methods, and spindle controlswitching means instructs a switching method of the spindle commandswitching means. In the method, in access to a target address, upper andlower limits of the rotational cycle of the disk at which reproductionat a target address position is enabled are obtained, a targetrotational cycle is determined, and, until an output of the cycledetecting means reaches the target rotational cycle, the maximum angularacceleration is supplied in an open loop to the spindle motor means,whereby a spindle is maximumly accelerated and decelerated until atarget rotation number is attained. Therefore, at the same time as thestart of the traverse movement, settlement to the target rotation numbercan be performed, and hence the rotation settlement can be performed fora short time. The rotational cycle of the disk immediately before accessis compared with the target rotational cycle. If the rotational cyclehas already reached the target when access is accepted, the gain of thespindle control is made smaller or free run is performed so that therotational cycle is maintained as far as possible. This can suppress theenergy consumed by the spindle motor to the minimum level while enablinghigh-speed access.

In the disk rotation control method of the invention, upper and lowerlimits of the rotational cycle of a disk at which reproduction at atarget address position is enabled are obtained, comparison with therotational cycle of the disk immediately before access is performed, atarget rotational cycle is determined, and the target rotational cycleis set to rotational cycle control means. Therefore, the rotationalcycle can reach for a shortest period a rotational cycle at whichvariable linear velocity reproduction is enabled. If, when access isaccepted, the rotational cycle has already reached the target, therotational cycle can be maintained. Therefore, the energy consumed by aspindle motor can be suppressed to the minimum level while high-speedaccess is enabled. During a period other than that when the accesscommand is executed, the focus and tracking control of an optical pickupis turned OFF. Consequently, heat generation and energy consumption inan optical pickup mechanism can be reduced to a minimum required level.

In the disk reproducing device of the invention, in access to a targetaddress, upper and lower limits of the rotational cycle of a disk atwhich reproduction at a target address position is enabled are obtained,comparison with the rotational cycle of the disk immediately beforeaccess is performed, and, if, when access is accepted, the rotationalcycle has already reached the target, the gain of the spindle control ismade smaller or free run is performed so that the rotational cycle ismaintained as far as possible. This can suppress the energy consumed bya spindle motor to the minimum level. If the rotational cycle is outsidethe target range, the gain of the spindle control is made larger,whereby the rotation of the spindle can be controlled more promptly intothe target range, so that high-speed access is realized.

The disk reproducing device of the invention comprises: regenerativeclock signal generating means for extracting a regenerative clock signalfrom reproduced data; demodulation means for demodulating the reproduceddata in accordance with the regenerative clock signal, and outputtingdemodulated data; synchronizing signal detecting means for detecting asynchronizing signal for signal processing from the reproduced data, andoutputting a synchronization detection signal; data storage means forsequentially storing the demodulated data; clock signal for signalprocessing generating means for generating clock signals of apredetermined number for signal processing for each synchronizationdetection signal; and signal processing means for reading outdemodulated data stored in the data storage means, in accordance withthe clock signals for signal processing, and performing signalprocessing such as error correction. According to this configuration,even when the regenerative clock signal cannot be normally extracted inreproduction because of a defect on the disk, it is possible toeliminate an overflow and a blank state in a buffer. Even when apredetermined reproducing speed has not yet attained after access isperformed, the clock signal for signal processing can be promptlygenerated, and hence high-speed access is enabled. Since a PLL circuitis not used, the circuit scale can be reduced. This can lower the cost.

The disk reproducing device of the invention comprises: regenerativeclock signal generating means for extracting a regenerative clock signalfrom reproduced data; demodulation means for demodulating the reproduceddata in accordance with the regenerative clock signal, and outputtingdemodulated data; synchronizing signal detecting means for detecting asynchronizing signal for signal processing from the reproduced data, andoutputting a synchronization detection signal; data storage means forsequentially storing the demodulated data; clock signal for signalprocessing generating means for generating a clock signal for signalprocessing; signal processing means for reading out demodulated datastored in the data storage means, in accordance with the clock signalfor signal processing, and performing signal processing such as errorcorrection; dividing means for dividing a frequency of the clock signalfor signal processing by a predetermined number, and outputting afrequency-divided signal; and signal cycle comparison means forphase-comparing the synchronization detection signal with thefrequency-divided signal, and outputting a comparison error signal, theclock signal for signal processing generating means generating the clocksignal for signal processing on the basis of the comparison errorsignal. In this way, even when the regenerative clock signal cannot benormally extracted in reproduction because of a defect on the disk, itis possible to eliminate an overflow and a blank state in a buffer.

The disk reproducing device of the invention comprises: regenerativeclock signal generating means for extracting a regenerative clock signalfrom reproduced data; demodulation means for demodulating the reproduceddata in accordance with the regenerative clock signal, and outputtingdemodulated data; synchronizing signal detecting means for detecting asynchronizing signal for signal processing from the reproduced data, andoutputting a synchronization detection signal; data storage means forsequentially storing the demodulated data; write address generatingmeans for generating a write address for the data storage means from thesynchronization detection signal; clock signal for signal processinggenerating means for generating a clock signal for signal processing;signal processing means for performing signal processing such as errorcorrection on demodulated data stored in the data storage means, inaccordance with the clock signal for signal processing; dividing meansfor dividing a frequency of the clock signal for signal processing by apredetermined number, and outputting a frequency-divided signal; readaddress generating means for generating a read address for reading outdemodulated data from the data storage means, by using thefrequency-divided signal; and address comparison means for comparing thewrite address with the read address, and outputting an addresscomparison error signal, the clock signal for signal processinggenerating means generating the clock signal for signal processing onthe basis of the address comparison error signal. In this way, even whenthe regenerative clock signal cannot be normally extracted inreproduction because of a defect on the disk, it is possible toeliminate an overflow and a blank state in a buffer. When it becomespossible to normally extract the regenerative clock signal, the writeand read addresses of the buffer have the same value, thereby producingan advantage that an optimum buffer margin can be always maintained.

The disk reproducing device of the invention comprises: regenerativeclock signal generating means for extracting a regenerative clock signalfrom reproduced data; demodulation means for demodulating the reproduceddata in accordance with the regenerative clock signal, and outputtingdemodulated data; synchronizing signal detecting means for detecting asynchronizing signal for signal processing from the reproduced data, andoutputting a synchronization detection signal; data storage means forsequentially storing the demodulated data; write address generatingmeans for generating a write address for the data storage means from thereproduced data; clock signal for signal processing generating means forgenerating a clock signal for signal processing; signal processing meansfor performing signal processing such as error correction on demodulateddata stored in the data storage means, in accordance with the clocksignal for signal processing; dividing means for dividing a frequency ofthe clock signal for signal processing by a predetermined number, andoutputting a frequency-divided signal; read address generating means forgenerating a read address for reading out demodulated data from the datastorage means, in accordance with the frequency-divided signal; addresscomparison means for comparing the write address with the read address,and outputting an address comparison error signal; and address resetmeans for simultaneously setting the write address and the read addressto a predetermined value, the clock signal for signal processinggenerating means generating the clock signal for signal processing onthe basis of the address comparison error signal. In this way, even whenthe regenerative clock signal cannot be normally extracted inreproduction because of a defect on the disk, it is possible toeliminate an overflow and a blank state in a buffer. When it becomespossible to normally extract the regenerative clock signal, the writeand read addresses of the buffer have the same value, thereby producingan advantage that an optimum buffer margin can be always maintained.Irrespective of an overflow and a blank state in the buffer at thetiming of starting data reproduction after access, correct reproductiontiming can be realized. Therefore, variations of timings of startingreproduction can be reduced and high-speed access is enabled.

The regenerative clock signal generating device of the inventioncomprises; a phase comparator; a phase/voltage converter; a voltagecontrolled oscillator; and reference signal generating means forgenerating two signals having a predetermined phase difference. The twooutput signals of the reference signal generating means are selected,and properties of the phase/voltage converter are changed in accordancewith the output voltage of the phase/voltage converter. According tothis configuration, variations of properties of a charge pump can beadjusted at startup, and influences of variations of properties due tothe semiconductor process can be eliminated.

In the disk reproducing device of the invention, it is verified by usinga synchronizing signal that the regenerative clock signal is normallyextracted, and thereafter the maximum linear velocity at whichreproduction is enabled is supervised. Therefore, data reproduction isprevented from being erroneously started when a PLL is not perfectlylocked, and stable data reproduction can be performed. Consequently, theminimum error rate required in data reproduction can be ensured.Furthermore, the minimum linear velocity can be set to a target at whichreproduction is enabled, and supervised. Therefore, it is possible toensure the range of the minimum linear velocity where a normal operationof an application software is enabled.

When the maximum linear velocity which is to be set as the target ischanged in accordance with the data format of the disk, the power sourcevoltage, the ambient temperature, or results of code error correction ofthe reproduced signal, a margin for the maximum linear velocity requiredfor stable operation can be made smaller. As a result, access of ahigher speed can be performed.

The novel features of the invention are particularly set forth in theappended claims. Both the configuration and contents of the inventionwill be understood and appreciated more fully together with otherobjects and features from the following detailed description which willbe understood in cooperation with the drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 1 of Embodying mode 1 of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing linear velocity error properties in asteady state.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 2 of Embodying mode 1 of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of a holdsignal generating circuit 42 shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration for realizing a diskreproducing method of Embodiment 3 of Embodying mode 1 of the invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart realizing the disk reproducing method ofEmbodiment 3.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 4 of Embodying mode 1 of the invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing in detail the configuration of a partof a data reproduction block 47 shown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a memory management diagram showing address management in theconfiguration of FIG. 8.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of Embodiment 6 of Embodying mode 1 of theinvention.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing temporal changes of the rotation number of adisk in various reproduction systems in Embodiment 6.

FIG. 12 is a graph showing temporal changes of the rotation number of adisk under various circumstances in Embodiment 6.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing temporal changes of the rotation number of adisk under various circumstances in Embodiment 6.

FIG. 14 is a chart illustrating the operation of Embodiment 6.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 8 of Embodying mode 1 of the invention.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the operation of Embodiment 8.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart of Embodiment 7 of Embodying mode 1 of theinvention.

FIG. 18 is a graph showing the spindle control in the prior art.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing the spindle control in Embodiment 7.

FIG. 20 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 9 of Embodying mode 1 of the invention.

FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing the operation of Embodiment 9.

FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a diskreproducing device of Embodiment 10 of Embodying mode 1 of theinvention.

FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing the operation of Embodiment 10.

FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 1 of Embodying mode 2 of the invention.

FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a regenerativeclock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 and a clock signal for signalprocessing generating circuit 23 in the embodiment.

FIG. 26 is a chart illustrating the operation of a clock signal forsignal processing in the embodiment.

FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a clock signalfor signal processing generating circuit 23 in a CD-ROM drive device ofEmbodiment 2 of Embodying mode 2 of the invention.

FIG. 28 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 3 of Embodying mode 2 of the invention.

FIG. 29 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 4 of Embodying mode 2 of the invention.

FIG. 30 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a clock signalfor signal processing generating circuit 80 shown in FIG. 29.

FIG. 31 is a graph illustrating a method of generating a clock signalfor signal processing in Embodiment 4.

FIG. 32 is a chart illustrating a method of generating the clock signalfor signal processing in Embodiment 4.

FIG. 33 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 5 of Embodying mode 2 of the invention.

FIG. 34 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a regenerativeclock signal generating device of Embodiment 6 of Embodying mode 2 ofthe invention.

FIG. 35 is a block diagram showing an example of reference signalgenerating means in Embodiment 6.

FIG. 36 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of an example ofa current correction unit which adjusts the current discharging andsucking operations of a charge pump in Embodiment 6.

FIG. 37 is a flowchart of adjustment of properties in Embodiment 6.

FIG. 38 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 1 of Embodying mode 3 of the invention.

FIG. 39 is a flowchart showing a procedure in Embodiments 1 and 6 ofEmbodying mode 3 of the invention.

FIG. 40 is a chart showing the operation of Embodiment 1 of Embodyingmode 3 of the invention in the case where a PLL is locked.

FIG. 41 is a chart showing the operation of Embodiment 1 of Embodyingmode 3 of the invention in the case where the PLL is not locked.

FIG. 42 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiments 2 and 4 of Embodying mode 3 of the invention.

FIG. 43 is a flowchart showing a procedure in Embodiment 2 of Embodyingmode 3 of the invention.

FIG. 44 is a chart showing the operation of Embodiment 2 of Embodyingmode 3 of the invention in the case where the movement is directedtoward the inner periphery.

FIG. 45 is a chart showing the operation of Embodiment 2 of Embodyingmode 3 of the invention in the case where the movement is directedtoward the outer periphery.

FIG. 46 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 3 of Embodying mode 3 of the invention.

FIG. 47 is a flowchart showing a procedure in Embodiment 3.

FIG. 48 is a chart showing the operation of Embodiment 3 in the casewhere acceleration overshoot occurs.

FIG. 49 is a chart showing the operation of Embodiment 3 in the casewhere deceleration overshoot occurs.

FIG. 50 is a flowchart showing a procedure in Embodiment 4 of Embodyingmode 3 of the invention.

FIG. 51 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 5 of Embodying mode 3 of the invention.

FIG. 52 is a flowchart showing a procedure in Embodiment 5.

FIG. 53 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiments 6 and 7 of Embodying mode 3 of the invention.

FIG. 54 is a chart showing the operation of Embodiment 6.

FIG. 55 is a chart showing a procedure in Embodiment 7.

FIG. 56 is a diagram showing the operation of Embodiment 7.

FIG. 57 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a prior artCD-ROM drive device of the CLV system.

FIG. 58 is a memory management diagram of a buffer RAM 7 of FIG. 57.

FIG. 59 is a block diagram of the configuration of the variable linearvelocity reproduction system of the prior art.

FIG. 60 is a timing chart illustrating generation of a cumulative clocksignal error.

FIG. 61 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a prior artCD-ROM drive device.

FIG. 62 is a chart illustrating the frame format and signal timings of aCD.

FIG. 63 is a chart illustrating the operation of a buffer of a CD-ROMdrive device.

FIG. 64 is a chart illustrating the operation of a clock signal forsignal processing in the case of a data defect.

FIG. 65 is a chart illustrating the operation of the clock signal forsignal processing in the access operation.

FIG. 66 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of the prior art.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION EMBODYING MODE 1

Hereinafter, a disk reproducing device of Embodying mode 1 of theinvention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a diskreproducing device (CD-ROM drive device) of Embodiment 1. The devicecomprises: a disk (CD) 1 wherein recording was performed by the CLVsystem; an optical pickup 5; a binarizing circuit 8 which converts areproduced signal into a digital signal; an EFM demodulation circuit 10;a serial-parallel converting circuit 30; a write clock signal generatingcircuit 31; a PLL circuit 9 which extracts a clock signal from a binarysignal; a synchronization detecting circuit 11 which extracts asynchronizing signal recorded in each frame; a buffer RAM 13 which isused as a temporary memory for storing EFM-demodulated data, andexecuting absorption of rotation jitter and error correction based on aCIRC; a RAM write address generating circuit 34 which generates a writeaddress for the buffer RAM; a parallel-serial converting circuit 32; aread clock signal generating circuit 33; a RAM read address generatingcircuit 35 which generates a read address for a buffer RAM 7; a crystaloscillation circuit 36; a frequency divider 38; a CD-ROM decoder 22which performs a CD-ROM decoding process; a CIRC decoder 21 whichexecutes error correction based on a CIRC; a frequency comparisoncircuit 38 which compares the output of the PLL circuit 9 with that ofthe crystal oscillation circuit 36 and obtains a frequency difference; avirtual RAM read address generating circuit 35; a phase comparisoncircuit 39 which compares the output of the RAM write address generatingcircuit 34 with that of a virtual RAM read address generating circuit 41and obtains a phase difference; a spindle control circuit 3 whichcontrols a spindle motor by using results of the frequency comparisonand the phase comparison; the spindle motor 2; a traverse motor 7 whichmoves the optical pick in a radial direction; and a signal-processingclock-signal generating circuit 40 which generates a reference clocksignal for signal processing from the clock signal extracted by the PLLcircuit 9.

The components correspond to the means set forth in the claims in thefollowing manner. The clock signal extracting means is realized by thePLL circuit 9, the signal-processing clock-signal generating means isrealized by the signal-processing clock-signal generating circuit 40,the data temporary storage means is realized by the buffer RAM 13, thewrite address generating means is realized by the RAM write addressgenerating circuit 34, the reference clock signal generating means isrealized by the crystal oscillation circuit 36, the virtual addressgenerating means is realized by the virtual RAM read address generatingcircuit 41, the frequency comparison means is realized by the frequencycomparison circuit 38, the phase comparison means is realized by thephase comparison circuit 39, and the spindle control means is realizedby the spindle control circuit 3.

The operation of the thus configured disk reproducing device will bedescribed with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

The optical pickup 5 performs focus and tracking processes on pitstrings on the CD 1, and outputs a reproduced analog signal. The outputis converted into a digital signal by way of the binarizing circuit 8.Data are demodulated from the digital signal by the EFM demodulationcircuit 10, the clock signal is extracted by the PLL circuit 9, and thesynchronizing signal recorded in each frame is detected by thesynchronization detecting circuit 11. An address for the buffer RAM isgenerated by using the synchronizing signal extracted by thesynchronization detecting circuit 11. On the other hand, a signalprocessing side operates with using as the reference clock signal theoutput of the signal-processing clock-signal generating circuit 40 whichoperates with reference to the output of the PLL circuit 9. The readaddress is generated from the reference clock signal. In FIG. 1, inorder to perform phase comparison for spindle control so as to preventlinear velocity deviation from occurring, the virtual RAM read addressgenerating circuit 41 is disposed. This allows the linear velocity atthe timing when the CLV control attains a steady state, to be constant.FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing the effect.

FIG. 2 shows linear velocity error properties in the steady stateattained after the rotation number of the spindle motor 2 reaches thetarget rotation number. The properties indicated in the upper stage ofFIG. 2 show linear velocity error properties in the case where only afrequency comparison loop is disposed, and those indicated in the lowerstage show linear velocity error properties in the case where theconfiguration shown in FIG. 1 is employed. In the spindle motor 2 forrotating the CD 1, there exist a shaft loss due to friction, etc., and awindage loss caused by rotation of the disk. In the case where thespindle control circuit 3 is configured by an operational amplifier andthe like, there exist also a DC offset voltage in the circuits, etc.When the spindle control is performed only on the basis of frequencycomparison under such an environment, the linear velocity which isultimately attained involves fixed deviation. Furthermore, cogging anddisturbance vibration which are caused by the structure of the motor areapplied to the spindle motor 2, and the rotation number may largelyfluctuate. In the prior art configuration, as shown in FIG. 2, thechange in linear velocity due to such a disturbance or the like appearsas a change in one direction. When the linear velocity has deviation inone direction as described above, the rate of transferring data to thehost computer cannot be maintained at a constant level. The deviation iscaused to fluctuate by, for example, production variations of the diskdevice, or a change in an environment such as the ambient temperature,with the result that a constant performance of the transfer rate cannotbe ensured. When the CD-ROM drive device is used for a multimediapurpose, the ratio (CPU occupancy ratio) of the period required for thedata reproduction processing in the host computer to the totalprocessing period is an important evaluation index. As described above,the performance of the data transfer rate and the CPU occupancy ratioare varied by a change in an environment or the like. This imposes largerestriction on an application software in the host computer. In manyCD-ROM drive devices, audio or video data are handled. Such data areoften requested to be transferred at a constant rate. The propertiesindicated in the lower stage of FIG. 2 show linear velocity errorproperties in the case where the configuration shown in FIG. 1 isemployed. According to this configuration, the existence of the phasecomparison loop enables properties of zero deviation to be realized.When observation is conducted over a range of a fixed time interval,changes of the linear velocity due to cogging of the motor, disturbancevibration, or the like are canceled each other. If zero deviation is thesole object, the problem can be solved also by connecting an integratorto the output of the spindle control circuit 3 without forming the phasecomparison loop. However, the spindle motor 2 usually has a control bandof about 60 Hz. In order to make the deviation zero, therefore, it isnecessary to introduce an integrator of a further lower frequency. Inother words, in the problem-solving method using an integrator, thecontrol response speed is low. When the control response speed is low,the rotation settlement is performed after the data transfer is ended.In the configuration of the embodiment, deviation can be made zero at ahigher speed as compared with the case where an integrator is used.Furthermore, it is not necessary also to use a capacitor of a large sizein order to realize a large time constant.

In the case where the configuration of FIG. 1 is employed, even when thespindle control has not yet reached the final linear velocity asdescribed in the prior art examples, reproduction is enabled as far asthe error rate of the reproduction system is ensured. However, it is amatte of course that the transfer rate cannot be maintained at aconstant level during a period when the final linear velocity has notbeen attained. Specifically, the configuration of FIG. 1 is effectiveparticularly in the case where the beginning portion of a data group tobe reproduced is free from restriction relating to the transfer rate,and restriction that the transfer rate must be constant is imposed ondata subsequent after rotation is settled. For example, theconfiguration is effective in the case of a CD-ROM disk wherein datasuch as still image data and a program are recorded in the beginningportion and sound and a moving picture are subsequently recorded. In thecase where the device is to be provided with a function of referring thedata transfer rate to the host computer and controlling the rotationnumber so that rotational delay does not occur, the function can berealized by replacing the crystal oscillation circuit 36 of theconfiguration of the embodiment with a variable frequency oscillator ofwhich the frequency can be changed by a microprocessor or the like. Alsoin such a case where the rotation control is performed in accordancewith the transfer rate to the host computer, the configuration of theembodiment is effective. Namely, since linear velocity deviation iszero, it is not required to consider the correction of deviation.

As described above, according to the embodiment, a virtual data readaddress is generated from the reference clock signal generating means,and the phase comparison means for performing phase comparison withrespect to a write address, and the spindle control means forcontrolling rotation of the disk with reference to the output of thefrequency comparison means and the output of the phase comparison meansare disposed, whereby the phase error can be fed back to the spindlemotor and linear velocity deviation in a steady state can be preventedfrom occurring.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration in which attention is directed to theoperation after the optical pickup 5 has completed the tracking to apredetermined track. The configuration in the case where the opticalpickup 5 is to be moved is not restricted to the above. In the casewhere the optical pickup 5 is to be moved, for example, the method inwhich the rotation control is performed on the basis of a signalreproduced from the CD 1 as shown in the figure may be employed.Alternatively, a method in which the rotation number is controlled to atarget by using an FG signal generated from the spindle motor 2 or thelike and the radial position of the optical pickup 5 may be employed. Inthe above description, the buffer RAM 13 comprises the region whichabsorbs rotation jitter, and the region in which error correction isperformed by the CIRC decoder 21, in the same manner as the prior artexample. Alternatively, when the writing and reading operations for thebuffer RAM 13 are perfectly synchronized with each other, theconfiguration may be employed in which only the region required forerror correction by the CIRC decoder 21 is ensured. The region in whicherror correction is performed by the CIRC decoder 21 may be separatelydisposed between the buffer RAM 13 and the CD-ROM decoder 22.

Embodiment 2

Next, a disk reproducing device of Embodiment 2 will be described withreference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the CD-ROM drive device of Embodiment2 of the invention. The embodiment is different from the configurationof Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1, in that the frequency divider 38 andthe virtual RAM read address generating circuit 41 shown in FIG. 1 arenot disposed, and that a hold signal generating circuit 42 is disposed.The hold signal generating circuit 42 refers the output of the phasecomparison circuit 39, and, when the phase error becomes larger than apredetermined level, outputs a signal for holding the oscillationfrequency of the signal-processing clock-signal generating circuit 40.

The PLL circuit 9 constitutes clock signal extracting means, thesignal-processing clock-signal generating circuit 40 constitutes clocksignal for signal processing generating means, and the RAM write addressgenerating circuit 34, the RAM read address generating circuit 35, thephase comparison circuit 39, and the hold signal generating circuit 42constitute cumulative clock signal error feed-back means.

The operation of the thus configured disk reproducing device will bedescribed with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. Components which areconfigured in the same manner as the main components shown in FIG. 1operate similarly, and hence their description is omitted. Theconfiguration of FIG. 3 is different from that of FIG. 1 in that thephase comparison of the spindle control system is obtained from thedifference between the outputs of the RAM write address generatingcircuit 8 and the RAM read address generating circuit 9. According tothis configuration, it is possible to detect the cumulative clock signalerror between the PLL circuit 9 and the signal-processing clock-signalgenerating circuit 40. Even when the detected cumulative clock signalerror is fed back as it is to the spindle control system, however, thecumulative error cannot be reduced. Specifically, the rotation number ofthe spindle motor 2 is changed in the form of a response to thecumulative clock signal error, and the PLL circuit 9 and thesignal-processing clock-signal generating circuit 40 similarly followthe change in rotation number, with the result that the cumulative erroris not reduced. To comply with this, the configuration of the embodimentis provided with the function of holding the oscillation frequency ofthe signal-processing clock-signal generating circuit 40 on the basis ofthe comparison result of the phase comparison circuit 39.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the internal configuration of the holdsignal generating circuit 42. As shown in the figure, a phase errorcomparison circuit 421 compares the output of the phase comparisoncircuit 39 (FIG. 3) with a fixed comparison reference value. The outputof the phase error comparison circuit is supplied to a pulse generatingcircuit 422, and the output of the pulse generating circuit is used as ahold signal for the signal-processing clock-signal generating circuit 40(FIG. 3). In response to the hold signal, the oscillation frequency ofthe signal-processing clock-signal generating circuit 40, theoscillation frequency is held. During the holding period, the rotationnumber of the spindle control system is changed, and the PLL circuit 9is changed with following the change. As a result of this operation, thecumulative clock signal error between the writing side and the readingside can be eliminated. According to this configuration, the region ofthe buffer RAM 13 which is used in the prior art for the purpose ofabsorbing rotation variation (rotation jitter) is used as a region forabsorbing cumulative clock signal error variation due to a defect, etc.

Preferably, the fixed comparison reference value shown in FIG. 4 is setin a range which does not exceed a cumulative error region correspondingto the rotation jitter absorbing region of the buffer RAM 13. The widthof the hold signal is determined so as to be in a range where thespindle motor 2 and the PLL circuit 9 can respond. When the width is setto be unnecessarily larger, the operation may be unstabilized. When thehold processing is performed for a period in excess of that needed, forexample, there may arise the case where it is difficult to ensure theoperation of the hold processing in the signal-processing clock-signalgenerating circuit 40, and the cumulative error is increased by thefactor of the unstable holding operation.

The embodiment is effective particularly in the case where the variablelinear velocity reproduction is continued even after the target linearvelocity is attained. The problems may be prevented from arising byemploying a system other than the solving method described in theembodiment, for example, the configuration in which the reproductionsystem is switched over depending on the type of the reproduction, i.e.,the variable linear velocity reproduction, and the reproduction after asteady linear velocity is attained. In order to perform such a switchingoperation, however, the clock signal in the signal processing side maybe correctly switched over. Furthermore, it is required to supervise thestate of a point C of the buffer RAM 13 at the timing when the switchingis executed. In the same manner as FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows theconfiguration in which attention is directed to the operation after theoptical pickup 5 has completed the tracking to a predetermined track.The configuration in which the optical pickup 5 is to be moved is notrestricted to the above. When the optical pickup 5 is to be moved, forexample, the method in which the rotation control is performed on thebasis of a signal reproduced from the CD 1 as shown in the figure may beemployed. Alternatively, a method in which the rotation number iscontrolled to a target by using an FG signal generated from the spindlemotor 2 or the like and the radial position of the optical pickup 5 maybe employed.

As described above, the embodiment comprises: the phase comparison meansfor referring the outputs of the write address means and the readaddress means, and performing phase comparison; the spindle controlmeans for controlling rotation of the disk with reference to the outputof the frequency comparison means and the output of the phase comparisonmeans; and the hold signal generating means for referring the output ofthe phase comparison means, and, when the phase error is not smallerthan a constant value, holding the oscillation frequency of the clocksignal for signal processing generating means, and can eliminate thecumulative clock signal error between the clock signal for writing andthat for reading in the buffer RAM 7. According to the embodiment, evena disk in which there are many defects, etc. can be stably reproducedfor a long period. Furthermore, the cumulative clock signal errorbetween the read and write clock signals which is caused by fingerprintsor scratches can be fed back to the control for the spindle motor, andhence it is possible to avoid a reproduction disable state due to thecumulative error.

Embodiment 3

Next, a disk reproducing method of Embodiment 3 will be described withreference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration necessary forrealizing the disk reproducing method of Embodiment 3, and FIG. 6 is aflowchart showing the procedure of the disk reproducing method.

In FIG. 5, 1 designates a CD wherein recording was performed by the CLVsystem, 5 designates an optical pickup, 2 designates a spindle motor, 7designates a traverse motor which moves the optical pick in a radialdirection, 45 designates variable linear velocity reproducing means, 46designates a subcode reproduction block in the variable linear velocityreproducing means 45, 47 designates a data reproduction block in thevariable linear velocity reproducing means 45, 48 designates a spindlecontrol block in the variable linear velocity reproducing means, 49designates disk management information storage means for storing diskmanagement information obtained from subcode information, 50 designatesa microprocessor which manages the operation of the whole system, 51designates traverse motor moving means which is previously written intothe microprocessor 50, 52 designates final target linear velocitysetting means which is previously written into the microprocessor 50,and 53 designates disk managing means for managing reproduction of datafrom the disk by using the disk management information.

In FIG. 5, signal lines indicated by a dotted line, motor control ON/OFFsetting means 54, and address managing means 55 are used in Embodiment 4which will be described later.

The manner of executing the disk reproducing method of Embodiment 3 byusing the thus configured disk reproducing device will be described withreference to the flowchart of FIG. 6.

First, the disk reproducing device performs as an initial operation thespin-up operation in which the CD 1 is rotated. Conventionally, thespin-up operation is performed, and, after a fixed linear velocity isattained, various automatic adjustments and reproduction of diskmanagement information are performed. However, this involves a problemin that, when the target linear velocity is, for example, a quadruple orhigher speed, the spin-up time is prolonged because of the limitation ofthe motor torque. The flowchart of FIG. 6 shows the procedure of amethod which can solve the problem.

First, in step 1, the CD 1 is rotated at a first linear velocity, forexample, the standard speed (1.2 to 1.4 m/sec). Specifically, the finaltarget linear velocity setting means 52 of the microprocessor 50 issuesa command to the spindle motor control block 48 and the rotation numberis controlled so as to reach the first linear velocity. In step 2, afterrotation is settled, the automatic adjustment of the servo system isexecuted. Usually, it is difficult to perform the automatic adjustmentduring a period when the rotation number is changed. This is caused bythe fact that, in the spin-up operation, a command to generate themaximum torque is usually issued to the spindle motor 2 and hencemechanical vibrations are large in degree during a period when therotation number is changed. A method in which, at the timing when asecond linear velocity is attained, the automatic adjustment is executedmay be employed. When this method is employed, both the operations ofthe adjustment function at the first linear velocity and the adjustmentfunction at the second linear velocity must be ensured. In theembodiment, the automatic adjustment is performed at the first linearvelocity because the execution of the first automatic adjustment enablesthe adjustment value of the second linear velocity to be obtained bycalculation. As the rotation number is higher, usually, mechanicalvibrations are larger in degree and the adjustment is more difficult. Atthe timing when the automatic adjustment is ended, the optical pickup 5is on the way from the inner periphery of the CD 1 to the outerperiphery. In step 3, therefore, the optical pickup is moved to theinner periphery side of the CD 1 which is a region where a TOC (Table ofContents) is recorded. The movement of the optical pickup 5 is executedby using the traverse motor moving means 51 in the microprocessor 50.After the optical pickup 5 is moved, variable linear velocityreproduction is executed in step 4, and reproduction of the diskmanagement information of the TOC region is started. The disk managementinformation of the TOC region is sequentially stored in the diskmanagement information storage means 49, via the subcode reproductionblock 46. In step 5, the control of the rotation number of the disk isstarted so that the disk is rotated at the second linear velocity, forexample, a quadruple speed (4.8 to 5.6 m/sec). The control is started bysending a command from the final target linear velocity setting means 52of the microprocessor 50 to the spindle motor control block 48. Thesecond linear velocity may be higher rotation such as a sextuple speed(7.2 to 8.4 m/sec). As the second linear velocity is higher, the periodto elapse before the motor reach the normal rotation is longer, andhence the effect of the embodiment is larger. A specific circuitconfiguration which can change the target linear velocity may berealized by dividing the frequency of the output of the crystaloscillation circuit used in the spindle motor control block 48, or byconfiguring the crystal oscillation circuit by a frequency synthesizer.Steps 4 and 5 may be performed in a reversed order. When step 5 isexecuted before step 4, the operation is slightly faster. In step 6, theend of the reproduction of the management information started in step 4,and the termination of the storage of the information into the diskmanagement information storage means 49 are verified. In step 7,thereafter, the process of transferring data to the host interface viathe data reproduction block 47 is enabled to be started. Finally, it isverified in step 8 that the rotation number has reached the secondlinear velocity. The procedure may be modified so that step 7 isexecuted after step 8. The state of step 8 may be attained before step6. The automatic adjustment is performed in order to automaticallycorrect the amount of offset or unbalance of the focus servo andtracking servo systems. As described above, preferably, the automaticadjustment is executed after the linear velocity becomes constant. Bycontrast, in the case where disk management information such as the TOCregion of a CD-ROM is to be reproduced, reproduction is enabled even aperiod when the linear velocity is changed. In the case where the openloop control in which maximum acceleration/deceleration is conducted onthe spindle motor 2 is performed as described above, the reproductionquality may be impaired and reproduction may be disabled. During theperiod when variable linear velocity reproduction is executed,therefore, the properties of the spindle motor control loop must bemoderated. The degree of the moderation is a problem of the optimizationof the system, and the optimum solution depends on the accuracy of thecomponents, etc. The closed loop properties of the control of thespindle motor must be changed at least during periods when the opticalpickup 5 is moved, when variable linear velocity reproduction isperformed, and after the rotation number reaches a normal value. Forexample, the control gain of the spindle motor control during the periodwhen variable linear velocity reproduction is performed may be set to besmaller than the gains during the periods when the optical pickup 5 ismoved, and after the rotation number reaches a normal value, whereby thequality of reproduced data can be improved. In reproduction of theconstant linear velocity in the prior art, because of the properties ofthe detection system, the control band of the CLV servo is automaticallymade higher as moving toward the outer periphery. In such reproductionin the prior art, necessity of changing the control loop properties ofthe spindle motor 2 during the data reproduction period is low. Bycontrast, when variable linear velocity reproduction is to be executed,the properties of the spindle motor control loop must be moderated inorder to eliminate deterioration of the data reproduction quality due todisturbance during the period when the linear velocity is changed. Themoderation of the spindle control during the period of variable linearvelocity reproduction is not limited particularly to the spin-up time,and is important for ensuring the data reproduction quality during theperiod of data reproduction including the access operation.

In the description of the flowchart of FIG. 6, only the TOC region atthe innermost periphery of the disk has been handled as disk managementinformation. In a disk of the multisession type a typical example ofwhich is a photo CD, TOC information is written into each session. Theembodiment may be used in such a disk. That is, TOC information of eachsession may be reproduced before the second linear velocity is attained,so that the spin-up time is shortened. In this case, although not shownin the flowchart of FIG. 6, the optical pickup 5 must be moved in orderto reproduce the TOC of each session.

In FIG. 5, the data reproduction block 47 and the spindle control block48 constituting the variable linear velocity reproducing means 45correspond to the main portion of FIGS. 1 and 3 in the above-describedembodiments. The illustration of the subcode reproduction block 46 shownin FIG. 5 is omitted in FIGS. 1 and 3. When disk management informationis recorded only in the TOC region, the function of variable linearvelocity reproduction of the data region is not essential. With respectto reproduction of the subcode region, for example, conventional CDplayers and CD-ROM drive devices already have a structure in whichvariable linear velocity reproduction is enabled. Conventionally, timeinformation which is a typical example of subcode information can bereproduced even when the linear velocity has not yet reached the target.In other words, as far as the PLL circuit is synchronized in phase withreproduced data, reproduction is enabled. The function of variablelinear velocity reproduction of subcode information is practically usedin the prior art. By contrast, for example, the condition that the datareproduction block 47 is the variable linear velocity reproductionfunction is applicable in the case where management information for thehost computer is recorded in the CD-ROM format and must be reproducedduring the spin-up operation.

As described above, according to the embodiment, the disk is rotated atthe first linear velocity, the disk is then rotated at the second linearvelocity which is higher than the first linear velocity, the automaticadjustment of the servo system is then executed, reproduction of themanagement region into which contents of the disk are written is startedduring a period when the first linear velocity is increased to thesecond linear velocity, and, after information of the management regionis reproduced, the start of data reproduction is enabled, whereby thetiming of starting data reproduction can be advanced. Particularly, thespindle motor 2 has dimensional restrictions and a problem in that, whenhigh-speed rotation is to be realized, the rotation settlement requiresa prolonged time period. According to the embodiment, even when thespindle motor 2 which requires a long period for the rotation settlementis used, it is possible to complete the spin-up process for a shortperiod. The embodiment can attain an effect that, even when the rotationsettlement is early, the spin-up time can be shortened as compared withthe prior art system.

Embodiment 4

Next, a disk reproducing device of Embodiment 4 will be described withreference to the drawings.

FIG. 7 shows the configuration of the disk reproducing device ofEmbodiment 4. In the FIG. 1 designates a CD wherein recording wasperformed by the CLV system, 5 designates an optical pickup, 2designates a spindle motor, 7 designates a traverse motor which movesthe optical pick in a radial direction, 45 designates variable linearvelocity reproducing means, 46 designates a subcode reproduction blockin the variable linear velocity reproducing means 45, 47 designates adata reproduction block in the variable linear velocity reproducingmeans 45, 48 designates a spindle control block in the variable linearvelocity reproducing means, 60 designates spindle servo propertyswitching means which can select a plurality of closed loop properties,61 designates linear velocity supervisory means for measuring the linearvelocity with reference to the output of the variable linear velocityreproducing means 45, and 62 designates spindle control switching meansfor outputting a switch signal to the spindle servo property switchingmeans with reference to the output of the linear velocity supervisorymeans.

The operation of the thus configured disk reproducing device will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 7. The optical pickup 5 performs focusand tracking processes on pit strings on the CD 1, and outputs areproduced analog signal. The reproduced analog signal is subjected tothe reproduction process by the variable linear velocity reproducingmeans 45. As the variable linear velocity reproducing means 45, meansconfigured in the same manner as that of Embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 5 isused. The linear velocity supervisory means 61 supervises the linearvelocity with using a signal synchronized with disk face informationwhich is used in the variable linear velocity reproducing means 45. Thespindle control switching means 62 outputs the switch signal to thespindle servo property switching means with using supervisoryinformation output from the linear velocity supervisory means 61.According to this configuration, properties of the spindle controlduring the period when variable linear velocity reproduction isperformed can be moderately set. The linear velocity supervisory means61 is used as means for judging the period when variable linear velocityreproduction is performed. As the method of judging that the linearvelocity has reached the target linear velocity, used is a method inwhich it is verified whether the absolute error of the linear velocitywith respect to the target linear velocity is smaller than apredetermined percentage (for example, 2% or less) or not. After thelinear velocity supervisory means 61 verifies that the reproducing speedreaches the target linear velocity, the spindle control switching means62 outputs a command to the spindle property switching means 60 so as toselect a control property in which the gain is larger than that duringthe period when variable linear velocity reproduction is executed, orthe control band is wider. A part of or the whole of the linear velocitysupervisory means 61 and the spindle control switching means 62 may beformed so as to be executed by software of a microprocessor or the like.The necessity of moderating spindle control properties is the same asthat described in Embodiment 3. However, the data reproduction qualityduring a transient period when the linear velocity is changed isaffected not only by disturbance due to the control of the spindle motor2, but also by other factors. When a disk reproducing device is to bedesigned, therefore, consideration must be sufficiently given to theseother factors.

As the method of producing the reference for setting the spindle controlproperties, there are the following three methods. In the first method,disturbance factors in the design are analyzed and evaluated, and thereference is written as an initial value into the software. In thesecond method, the optimum reference is obtained during the spin-upoperation. In the third method, the reference value is obtained during aperiod when an actual operation is performed, such as a period when datareproduction or the like is executed. As an extension of the thirdmethod, there is a method in which, during a period when datareproduction is executed, for example, the change of the linear velocityis referred and the properties are continuously or discretely changed inreal time. As the change factor to be referred, for example, the radialposition, the moving distance in access, an expected linear velocity atcompletion of access, and the like may be used other than the linearvelocity. Generally, the control properties of the spindle motor 2 arelargely dispersed depending on the disk device. Therefore, it ispreferable to employ the second and third methods. The embodiment ischaracterized in that the spindle property switching is performed duringa period when data are reproduced. Alternatively, the function ofswitching the spindle servo property may be executed by the spindlecontrol switching means 62 during the period when the optical pickup 5is moved by the traverse motor 18.

As described above, according to the embodiment, the spindle servoproperty switching means 60 which can selectively use a plurality ofclosed loop properties for controlling the spindle motor, the linearvelocity supervisory means 61 which supervises the linear velocity, andthe spindle control switching means 62 for switching over properties ofthe spindle servo property switching means with reference to thejudgement of the linear velocity supervisory means are disposed, wherebythe spindle control command which is one of disturbance factors in aperiod when the linear velocity is changed can be set to be small. As aresult, the data reproduction quality during a transient period when thelinear velocity is changed can be ensured.

Embodiment 5

Next, a disk reproducing method of Embodiment 5 will be described.

The configuration necessary for realizing the disk reproducing method ofthe embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 5. FIG.8 is a block diagram showing in detail the configuration of a part ofthe data reproduction block 47 which is a component of FIG. 5, andFIG. 9is a diagram showing the operation of a buffer in the case where thedisk reproducing method of the embodiment is executed.

In FIG. 5, 471 designates a RAM for temporary data storage, 472designates a buffer manager unit which manages a RAM 50, 473 designatesa CD-ROM error correction unit which corrects an error of the CD-ROMformat, 50 designates a microprocessor, and 55 designates addressmanaging means in the microprocessor.

The operations of the main components of FIG. 5 have been described inEmbodiment 3 and hence their description is omitted. The embodiment ischaracterized in the operations of the motor control ON/OFF settingmeans 54 (FIG. 5) and the address managing means 55 (FIG. 5) of whichthe description has been omitted in the description above.

The manner of executing the disk reproducing method of the embodiment byusing the disk reproducing device configured as FIGS. 5 and 8 will bedescribed with reference to the buffer operation diagram of FIG. 9.

The portion indicated by a frame of a dotted line in FIG. 8 is a part ofthe data reproduction block 47 in FIG. 5. This portion corresponds tothe portion of the CD-ROM decoder 22 described in the previousembodiment. The CD-ROM decoder 22 usually employs the configuration suchas shown in FIG. 8. The CD reproduced data which have been digitized andare transmitted from the portion corresponding to the CD player arestored in the RAM 471 for temporary data storage via the buffer managerunit 472. At the timing when the size of the data stored in the RAM 471reaches that which can be subjected to the correction process, theCD-ROM error correction unit 473 performs the correction process. Datahaving an error are rewritten on the RAM 471. Data which have beensubjected to the correction process are output toward the host interfacevia the buffer manager unit 472. In a CD-ROM drive device, usually, dataare temporarily stored by using the space of the RAM 471. The addressmanagement of the RAM 471 is performed by the address managing means 55of the microprocessor 50. In the address managing means 55, the RAM 471is handled as a ring-like buffer. In the case where data transfer whichexceeds the region of the RAM 471 is requested by one transfer requestcommand from the host computer, continuous data transfer which has nobreak can be realized by handling the writing from the CD reproduceddata to the region of the RAM 471, and the data transfer from the regionof the RAM 471 to the host interface in a ring-like manner. In additionto such a function, a method is employed in which, when a free region isformed in the RAM 471 as a result of one transfer request command fromthe host computer, data to be continuously reproduced are stored in thefree region. This method is called the read-ahead process or the readlookahead process. In the case where this function is provided, whendata coincident with the transfer request command from the host computeralready exist in the RAM 471, it is not required to move the head. Thisfunction enables reproduction in which unnecessary pickup movement inresponse to continuous data reproduction request as a result of discretecommand issuance from the host computer is eliminated.

Embodiment 5 is characterized in that, in the above-describedconfiguration and operation, the closed loop control of the spindlemotor is switched over depending on the period when data are transferredto the host, and that when the read-ahead process is performed. FIG. 9shows an example of the control. The figure is a buffer operationdiagram showing the ring-like buffer process of the RAM 471. In thefigure, the data region for host transfer is a data portion to which atransfer request has been already issued from the host computer. Theread-ahead data region is a portion which is a free region and whichstores subsequent continuous data to which the next reproduction requestis expected to be issued. During the period when data for host transferare stored, the spindle control is set to the ON state because of thenecessity of ensuring the rate of transferring data to the host computernot to be lower than a constant level. In the ON state of the spindlecontrol, the CLV control is performed on the spindle motor 2 so that thelinear velocity is made substantially constant. By contrast, during theperiod when data are stored in the read-ahead data region, the necessityof transferring data to the host computer has not yet arisen, and hencethe spindle control is set to be OFF. In this case, there arises a timedifference between the timing when data are stored in the RAM 471 andthat when the optical pickup 5 actually reproduces data. Inconsideration of the time difference, preferably, the timing of turningOFF the spindle, and that of turning ON the spindle are advanced. Thistime management can be executed by the microprocessor 50. The bufferoperation diagram of FIG. 9 shows the data of the buffer at a specifictime. When the memory operates as a ring buffer, the boundary betweenthe data region for host transfer and the read-ahead data region ismomentarily changed. In the case where the state of FIG. 9 is attainedat some timing, for example, a point A of the figure is shifted toward apoint B in a counterclockwise direction as a result of the progress ofthe data transfer to the host computer. When the data transfer requestis newly issued from the host computer, the point B is shifted towardthe point A in a clockwise direction. In the closed loop control of thespindle motor 2 in the embodiment, the ON/OFF control is performed withfollowing the incessant change of the boundary. In the case where theperformance of the host computer is lower than the transfer ability ofthe CD-ROM drive device, for example, the execution of such a controlenables the spindle motor 2 to be automatically adjusted by the drivedevice to a proper rotation number. According to the extension techniqueof the prior art method, a drive device wherein the optimum value atwhich rotational delay does not occur is selected may be produced by amethod in which the data reproducing speed of the drive device is set bythe host computer and then reproduction is then performed. By contrast,in the embodiment, the rotation number of the spindle motor 2 iscontrolled in accordance with the use condition of the RAM 471 which isused for buffering, whereby the rotation number can be automaticallycaused to reach the optimum value. As the method of automaticallyattaining the optimum rotation number, a method other than the method ofthe embodiment of FIG. 9 in which the closed loop control of the spindlemotor is turned ON/OFF may be employed. For example, a method may beemployed in which, during a period when the read-ahead process isperformed, the control of the spindle motor is conducted so as to attainthe first linear velocity, and, during a period when data aretransferred to the host computer, the spindle motor is controlled so asto attain the second linear velocity which is higher than the firstlinear velocity. When such a control is employed, the standby mode isenabled without stopping the rotation of the motor also in a period whendata access is not performed. Alternatively, another method may beemployed in which, during a period when the read-ahead data region isreproduced, the control of the spindle motor is turned ON/OFF withreference to the actual linear velocity. For example, means formeasuring the actual linear velocity is separately disposed, and amethod may be employed in which, when the rotation number is not lowerthan a predetermined value, the closed loop servo of the spindle motor 2is set to the OFF state, and, when the rotation number is not higherthan the predetermined value, the closed loop servo is set to be ON. Inthis case, it is preferable to set the target rotation number for the ONstate of the closed loop servo, to be equal to or lower than thepredetermined rotation number. It is an object of the embodiment toreduce the power consumption. The control of the rotation number to theoptimum value means that the power which is wastefully consumed in theprior art is cut. The present method is characterized in that the usecondition of the RAM 471 which is used as a buffer in order to optimizethe rotation number is referred and the motor control is switched over.The example in which, in order to perform the control for that purpose,the closed loop control of the spindle motor 2 is set to the OFF stateis a typical example of the method. As described above, a method inwhich the OFF state is replaced with another control property may beemployed. When optimization of the rotation number or the linearvelocity is to be executed, continuous data reproduction isprovisionally executed by discrete commands from the host computer in apredetermined sequence, and learning of the optimization may beperformed. Furthermore, learning of the optimum linear velocity may beexecuted in accordance with the actual condition of data transfer andthe occurrence condition of rotational delay. In another configurationexample, a buffer RAM for temporary storage is prepared in the hostinterface. The processing of the embodiment may be applied to even sucha configuration.

As described above, according to the embodiment, the function ofperforming a read-ahead process in which data are reproduced from datareproduction blocks the number of which is larger than a block numberrequested in one data reproduction request is provided, the spindlemotor is controlled with reference to a period when blocks correspondingto the data reproduction request are to be reproduced, and the controlof the spindle motor is stopped with reference to a period when theread-ahead process in which no data reproduction request is issued is tobe performed. According to this configuration, power consumption can bereduced by a degree larger than that of reduction of power consumptionattained by the reduction of the motor torque.

Embodiment 6

Next, a disk reproducing device of Embodiment 6 will be described.

The configuration necessary for realizing the disk reproducing device ofthe embodiment 6 is the same as that of Embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 7.The operations of the main components of FIG. 7 have been described inEmbodiment 4 and hence their description is omitted. The embodiment willbe described on the basis of the mode in which the linear velocitysupervisory means 61 and the spindle control switching means 62 areexecuted by software such as a microprocessor. Alternatively, a part ofor the whole of the function may be realized by hardware.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the access operation in Embodiment 6which is performed mainly in the spindle control switching means 62(FIG. 7). In FIG. 10, when the access command is accepted in step 1, itis judged in step 2 whether the rotation control direction of thespindle is acceleration or deceleration. This judgement is conducted bydetecting the current linear velocity (indicated by V1) by means of thelinear velocity supervisory means 61, obtaining the current angularvelocity ω1 from the current linear velocity, and comparing the currentangular velocity with the target angular velocity ω2. Specifically, whenthe target linear velocity is V2, ω1=V1/r1 and ω2=V2/r2 are obtainedfrom the current pickup position (the distance from the center of thedisk is r1), and the target pickup position (the distance from thecenter of the disk is r2), and their size relationships are comparedwith each other. When ω1>ω2, the spindle motor 2 is in the decelerationdirection, and, when ω1<ω2, in the acceleration direction. The distancefrom the center of the disk may be expressed as the number of datatracks counted from the disk center. The track number can be obtained inthe process of obtaining the number of tracks to be jumped which isnecessary for the process of moving the pickup.

In this way, it is judged whether the spindle motor is acceleration ordeceleration. If it is judged to be acceleration, a switch signal issupplied in step 3 to the spindle servo property switching means 60 sothat the gain of the servo property is made smaller. By contrast, if itis judged to be deceleration, a switch signal is supplied in step 6 sothat the gain of the servo property is made larger. As a result, in thespindle servo property during a period when the pickup is moved, thetime constant for the rotation settlement is made slower inacceleration, and made faster in deceleration.

Succeeding steps 4 and 7 are steps in each of which, in parallel withacceleration or deceleration of the spindle motor 2, the pickup ismoved. The operations of steps 4 and 7 are identical with each other.When the movement of the pickup is ended and variable linear velocityreproduction is enabled, a switch signal is output in step 5 so that thespindle servo property has the normal time constant. By contrast, instep 8, the gain of the spindle servo property is made smaller so thatthe time constant is slower. Thereafter, reproduction of data is started(step 9). Alternatively, the switching operation may be performed in thefollowing manner. After the process is shifted from step 8 to step 9,when the variable linear velocity reproduction state is ended and thetarget linear velocity is attained, the spindle servo property isswitched so as to have the normal time constant.

In the above, the operation of Embodiment 6 has been described. Theeffects of the embodiment will be described. First, the effect attainedby the increase of the servo time constant during spindle accelerationwill be described. Originally, it is usually understood that the spindleservo is better as the rotation settlement is faster. In a device suchas that of the embodiment in which variable linear velocity reproductionis enabled, the rotation number of a disk at which data reproduction isenabled can have a wide range, and hence data reproduction can beimmediately started even when the rotation settlement of the spindle isslow. In an extreme case, a disk is rotated at a constant angularvelocity. In this case, the power consumption and heat generation of themotor can be suppressed to a very low level as compared with the priorart case of constant linear velocity reproduction. In this case,however, there arises a problem in that the reproducing speed at theinnermost periphery of the disk is about 2/5 of that at the outermostperiphery. In the case where a disk is not rotated at a constant angularvelocity and the spindle control (constant linear velocity control) inwhich the time constant of the rotation settlement is extremely large isperformed, when the disk rotation is shifted from the variable linearvelocity reproduction to the constant linear velocity reproduction,there is no difference between the reproducing speeds at the innermostand outermost peripheries. FIG. 11 shows relationships between the timeelapsed and the rotation number of a disk in the case where reproductionis performed while continuously moving between the innermost andoutermost peripheries of the disk. In the FIG. (a) shows the normalconstant linear velocity reproduction, (b) the constant angular velocityreproduction, (c) the case where the variable linear velocityreproduction system is employed and the servo time constant of thespindle is small, and (d) the case where the variable linear velocityreproduction system is employed and the servo time constant of thespindle is large. In the FIG. the numerals in parentheses indicate theaccess order. The odd numbers indicate the access from the innermostperiphery of the disk to the outermost periphery, and the even numbersindicate the access from the innermost periphery to the outermostperiphery. As compared with the constant linear velocity reproduction of(a), in the constant angular velocity reproduction of (b), the accesstime is faster and the disk rotation is not changed. Therefore, it isapparent that the constant angular velocity reproduction is advantageousin power consumption and heat generation. However, it will be seen that,after the fifth access is ended, the data reproducing speed is veryslower than the case of (a). In the variable linear velocityreproduction of (c), the access is fast in the same manner as (b), and,at the timing when the fifth access is ended, the rotation number of thefinal target is attained. However, the servo time constant of thespindle is small, and hence the variation amount of the disk rotation islarger than (b), with the result that effects on the power consumptionand the heat generation cannot be expected to be as large as those of(b). To comply with this, the servo time constant is made larger as inthe case of (d). As a result, the variation amount of the disk rotationis reduced to a considerably low level, and the power consumption andthe heat generation can be reduced to a level as low as those of theconstant angular velocity reproduction of (b).

Next, the case where the access is performed only one time (hereinafter,referred to as the single access) will be described with reference toFIG. 12. FIG. 12 shows the rotation number of a disk and the time in thecase where the single access is performed. The dotted lines in thefigure show the rotation number at which variable linear velocityreproduction is enabled, i.e., the rotation number at which the pull-inof the PLL is completed. With respect to the range of the reproducingspeed at which a PLL can be pulled-in, generally, the pull-in range inthe case where the reproducing speed becomes lower than the targetreproducing speed is wider than that in the case where the reproducingspeed becomes higher than the target reproducing speed. This is becausethe upper limit of the frequency at which a PLL can be pulled in (thecapture range) is narrower than the lower limit. With respect to therotation number of a disk at which variable linear velocity reproductionis enabled, therefore, in the access from the inner periphery to theouter periphery, the minimum rotation number is relatively low, and, inthe access from the outer periphery to the inner periphery, the highestrotation number is relatively high.

In FIGS. 12, (a) and (b) show the access from the outer periphery to theinner periphery, and (b) shows the case where the time constant islarger than that of (a). In this case, each spindle is accelerated, butthe minimum rotation number at which variable linear velocityreproduction is enabled is low or at the position indicated by thedotted line in the figure. Therefore, reproduction is startedimmediately after the movement of the pickup is ended. As a result, theaccess times of (a) and (b) are substantially equal to each other. Bycontrast, (c) and (d) show the access from the inner periphery to theouter periphery, and (d) shows the case where the time constant islarger than that of (c). In this case, each spindle is decelerated, butthe maximum rotation number at which variable linear velocityreproduction is enabled is high or at the position indicated by thedotted line in the figure. Even after the movement of the pickup isended, therefore, the access is not ended until the rotation number ofthe disk is settled to the rotation number at which variable linearvelocity reproduction is enabled. In (d) wherein the time constant islarger than that of (c), therefore, the access time becomes slow asshown in the figure. In other words, when the time constant of thespindle servo is merely increased, the access time in the single accessis prolonged. Consequently, the single access time in both accelerationand deceleration can be shortened by, when the spindle is to beaccelerated, increasing the time constant of the servo, and, when thespindle is to be decelerated, reducing the time constant of the servo.The manner of the continuous access in such a case is shown in (e) ofFIG. 11. In the same manner as (d) of FIG. 11, the access is fast andthe power consumption and heat generation can be suppressed.

Next, the effects of the switching of the spindle servo property afterthe movement of the pickup is ended will be described. FIG. 13 shows therotation number of a disk and the time in the case of the access inwhich continuous data are read out for a long period. The dotted linesin the figure show the rotation number at which variable linear velocityreproduction is enabled.

In FIGS. 13, (a) and (b) show the access from the outer periphery to theinner periphery in the case where the time constant of the spindle servois increased (the gain is reduced) during the movement of the pickup (orthe period elapsed before variable linear velocity reproduction isenabled), and (b) shows the case where the time constant is reduced (thegain is increased) after the pickup is moved (after seeking). In thiscase, the reproducing speed during variable linear velocity reproductionis lower than the normal target reproducing speed. When this period iscalled the low-linear velocity reproduction period, therefore, data canbe transferred at a higher speed as the period is shorter. In (b),therefore, the low-linear velocity reproduction period is shorter than(a) and hence transfer is faster. By contrast, (c) and (d) show theaccess from the inner periphery to the outer periphery in the case wherethe time constant of the spindle servo is reduced (the gain isincreased) during the movement of the pickup (or the period elapsedbefore variable linear velocity reproduction is enabled), and (b) showsthe case where the time constant is increased (the gain is reduced)after the pickup is moved (after seeking). In this case, the reproducingspeed during variable linear velocity reproduction is higher than thenormal target reproducing speed. When this period is called thehigh-linear velocity reproduction period, therefore, data can betransferred at a higher speed as the period is longer. In (b),therefore, the high-linear velocity reproduction period is longer than(a) and hence transfer is faster. The switch timing in the abovedescription (steps 5 and 8 in FIG. 10) may be the timing of startingvariable linear velocity reproduction (the timing of pulling-in thecapture range of the PLL) in place of the timing of ending the pickupmovement.

In the embodiment, when variable linear velocity reproduction isenabled, the spindle control may be turned OFF (i.e., the gain of thespindle servo property is made zero) in step 8 of FIG. 10 instead ofreducing the gain of the spindle servo property. When the spindlecontrol is turned OFF, the spindle motor 2 is gradually decelerated bythe friction, etc. while maintaining a speed of a certain degree inaccordance with the inertia of the motor itself. This enables therotation of the disk to be decelerated very slowly. In this case, thespindle control is again turned ON at the timing when the rotation ofthe disk reaches the target reproducing speed, whereby the targetreproducing speed can be maintained. When the spindle control is turnedON, the gain of the servo property may be temporarily reduced so that noshock appears in the rotation of the disk. According to thisconfiguration, during a period when the spindle control is OFF, it ispossible to save the control current to be supplied to the motor, andhence the power consumption and heat generation can be furthersuppressed.

Next, the effects of the method of judging acceleration and decelerationof the spindle motor which has been described in Embodiment 6 will bedescribed. Conventionally, judgement on acceleration and deceleration ofa spindle motor is performed on the basis of the moving direction of apickup. When the pickup is moved from the outer periphery to the innerperiphery, it is judged to be acceleration, and, when the pickup ismoved from the inner periphery to the outer periphery, it is judged tobe deceleration. However, this method is effective only in a prior artCD-ROM drive device in which variable linear velocity reproduction isnot performed. In a CD-ROM drive device such as that of the embodimentin which variable linear velocity reproduction is performed, the methodmay result in an erroneous judgement. The reason of the above will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 14.

FIG. 14 shows the rotation number of a disk and the time elapsed in thecase where, when radial positions on the disk to which the pickup ismoved are indicated by r1, r2, and r3 (r1<r2<r3), the access isperformed from r3 to r1 and then from r1 to r2. In the figure, in thecase of the conventional variable linear velocity reproduction, therotation number of the disk is changed from 1 encircled in the figure to2, and 2 to 3. By contrast, in the case of the variable linear velocityreproduction according to the embodiment, the rotation number of thedisk is changed from 1 to 4, and 4 to 5. In this case, as seen from theFIG, it is apparent that, when the access is moved from r1 to r2, thedisk rotation must be accelerated. When the judgement is performed onthe basis of the moving direction of the pickup as in the prior art, thedisk rotation in this case is judged to be deceleration. In Embodiment6, in place of the above-described acceleration and deceleration method,the spindle motor may be provided with cycle detecting means and thecurrent angular velocity ω1 may be obtained by this means.

As described above, according to the embodiment, the spindle servoproperty switching means 60 which can selectively use a plurality ofclosed loop properties for controlling the spindle motor, the linearvelocity supervisory means 61 which supervises the linear velocity, andthe spindle control switching means 62 for switching over properties ofthe spindle servo property switching means with reference to thejudgement result of the linear velocity supervisory means are disposed,whereby the power consumption and heat generation of the spindle motor 2can be suppressed to a level as low as possible while high-speed accessis performed, and data reading can be performed at a high speed.

In an embodiment described below, Embodiment 6 is slightly modified sothat the switch timing of the servo property of the spindle iscontrolled so as to be optimally switched during the movement of thepickup in accordance with the movement position.

Embodiment 7

A disk reproducing device of Embodiment 7 will be described.

The configuration necessary for realizing the disk reproducing device ofEmbodiment 7 is the same as that of Embodiments 4 and 6 shown in FIG. 7.The operations of the main components of FIG. 7 have been described inEmbodiment 4 and hence their description is omitted. In the same manneras Embodiment 6, the embodiment will be described on the basis of themode in which the linear velocity supervisory means 61 and the spindlecontrol switching means 62 are executed by software such as amicroprocessor. Alternatively, a part of or the whole of the functionmay be realized by hardware.

FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the access operation in Embodiment 7which is performed mainly in the spindle control switching means 62. InFIG. 17, steps 1 to 5 are similar to those of Embodiment 6, and hencetheir detailed description is omitted. When the access command isaccepted in step 1, it is judged in step 2 whether the rotation controldirection of the spindle is acceleration or deceleration. The processperformed after it is judged to be deceleration is different from thatof Embodiment 6. Consequently, the process performed after it is judgedto be acceleration, i.e., steps 3 to 5 are strictly identical with thoseof Embodiment 6. By contrast, when it is judged to be deceleration, aswitch position (indicated by r1') for switching the switch timing ofthe spindle servo property in accordance with the movement position ofthe pickup (the movement position of the traverse) is first calculatedin step 6. In this step, first, the current linear velocity V1isdetected by the linear velocity supervisory means 61. The currentposition of the pickup is indicated by r1. Then, the current angularvelocity ω1=V1/r1 is obtained. If the steady linear velocity attainedwhen the disk ultimately reaches the steady rotational speed isindicated by V, the switch position can be obtained from r1'=V/ω1. Inplace of r1', the track count number (indicated by n1') which isobtained by dividing r1' by the track pitch width may be used. When theswitch position r1' is obtained in this way, a switch signal istransmitted in step 7 so that the gain of the servo property is madesmaller. As a result, in the spindle servo property during a period whenthe pickup is moved, the time constant with respect to the rotationsettlement becomes slower. Thereafter, the pickup movement (the traversemovement) is started in step 8. When the pickup starts to be moved as aresult of the process of this step, the position of the switch timing isjudged in step 9. In the judgement, r1' (or n1') obtained in previousstep 6 is compared with the pickup position r which is moving (or thecurrent track count number n). If the current pickup position r exceedsr1', the system proceeds to step 10, and, if the position does notexceed, step 9 remains to be executed. In step 10, the switch signal istransmitted so that the gain of the servo property is increased. As aresult, in the spindle servo property, the time constant with respect tothe rotation settlement becomes faster. When the pickup reaches thetarget position, the pickup move command is terminated in step 11.Thereafter, in the same manner as Embodiment 6, the switch signal istransmitted in step 12 at the timing when variable linear velocityreproduction enabled, so that the gain of the spindle servo property isagain reduced. As a result, in the spindle servo property during aperiod when the access command is executed, the time constant withrespect to the rotation settlement becomes slower. Then, datareproduction is started (step 13). In Embodiment 7, as the pickupposition, the track cross signal which is usually detected by thepickup, is used for indicating the pickup position. Alternatively, aposition detector or the like may be disposed in, for example, thetraverse movement mechanism. Also in the alternative, the device canoperate in the same manner.

In the above, the operation of Embodiment 7 has been described. Theeffects of the embodiment will be described. FIGS. 18 and 19 are viewsshowing the effects of Embodiment 7, and show timings of the signals inthe access operation in the case where the access position is moved tothe inner peripheral position r1 of the disk to the outer peripheralposition r2 of the disk. FIG. 18 shows the access operation in the priorart disk reproducing device of variable linear velocity reproduction,and the disk reproducing device of Embodiment 6. FIG. 19 shows theaccess operation in Embodiment 7. In the figures, the curves indicatedby a one-dot chain line represent the rotation number of the disk in thecase where the disk is rotated at a constant linear velocity, withrespect to a radial position on the disk. First, the access operation inthe case of FIG. 18 will be described. The rotation control of thespindle is performed by the spindle motor control block 48 shown in FIG.7. In the control, a signal having frequency components of the shortestor longest cycle is extracted from the disk signal detected from thepickup, and a speed control signal is transmitted to the spindle so thatthe cycle of the signal coincide with that of a reference signal basedon a predetermined linear velocity. In a disk device which is controlledso that the linear velocity is always constant, therefore, the rotationnumber of the disk during the access operation is changed ideally in themanner indicated by the one-dot chain line and then reaches the finaltarget. In the case where variable linear velocity reproduction such asEmbodiment 6 is performed, however, the rotation number immediatelybefore the access is not always N1. If the rotation number immediatelybefore the access is N1', for example, the rotation number of the diskis changed as indicated by the solid line in the figure. Since thechange of the rotation number is directed from N1' to N2 (it is assumedthat N1'>N2), originally, the disk rotation should be always directed todeceleration. However, the rotation is changed as shown in the figure.This is largely affected by the position of the pickup during theaccess. When the rotation number immediately before the access is N1',the correct rotation number for the pickup position r1 is N1 which is onthe one-dot chain line. Therefore, N1' is a rotation number which islower than N1. Consequently, the spindle control block 48 issues thespeed command so that, when the optical pickup 5 is moved in thevicinity of r1, the disk rotation number becomes N1. As a result, thespindle motor 2 is temporarily accelerated. This state is continueduntil the rotation numbers indicated by the one-dot chain line and thesolid line in the figure intersect with each other. Thereafter, thespindle motor is decelerated toward the correct rotation number N2. Inother words, in a zone where the current rotation number is lower thanthe rotation number indicated by the one-dot chain line, the spindlespeed command is inverted so that deceleration is not performed and themotor is accelerated. In the zone, therefore, the rotation number of thedisk indicates a peaked shape as shown in the figure. Accordingly, extrarotation variation which is originally unnecessary is conducted andenergy is wastefully consumed, thereby producing a possibility ofcausing heat generation.

To comply with the above, in Embodiment 7 shown in FIG. 19, the gain ofthe spindle servo property is made smaller in the zone where the spindlespeed command is inverted, thereby reducing influences on the rotationnumber of the disk as much as possible. After the pickup position passesthrough the spindle command inversion zone, the gain of the spindleservo property is increased so that the rotation number rapidly reachesthe target rotation number N2. Since the command inversion zoneelongates between r1 to r1', the spindle servo property can be switchedover at the timing when the pickup position reaches r1' during thetraverse movement. This r1' can be obtained from the radial position onthe disk where the rotation number N1' immediately before the accesscoincides with the rotation number on the curve indicated by the one-dotchain line. Therefore, r1' can be obtained by the method described inEmbodiment 7. When configured as described above, a waste change ofrotation of the disk can be suppressed to a level as low as possible. Asa result, needless rotation variation which is originally unnecessarycan be suppressed, and waste energy consumption and heat generation canbe prevented from occurring.

Embodiment 8

Next, a disk reproducing device of Embodiment 8 will be described.

In FIG. 15, 1 designates a CD wherein recording was performed by the CLVsystem, 5 designates an optical pickup, 2 designates a spindle motor, 7designates a traverse motor which moves the optical pick 5 in a radialdirection, 45 designates variable linear velocity reproducing means, 46designates a subcode reproduction block in the variable linear velocityreproducing means 45, 47 designates a data reproduction block in thevariable linear velocity reproducing means 45, 48 designates a spindlecontrol block in the variable linear velocity reproducing means, 61designates linear velocity supervisory means for measuring the linearvelocity with reference to the output of the variable linear velocityreproducing means 45, and 62 designates spindle control switching meansfor outputting a switch signal to the spindle servo property switchingmeans with reference to the output of the linear velocity supervisorymeans. These components have the same functions as those of the diskreproducing device used in Embodiment 4, and hence their detaileddescription is omitted. The numeral 70 designates spindle commandswitching means which selects the control loop to the spindle motor 2.When the spindle command switching means 70 is not connected to anothercomponent, the spindle motor 2 is automatically set to be theuncontrolled state (Hereinafter, this state is referred to as the freerun state, and this means that the gain of the closed loop property ofthe spindle servo is zero), and continues to be rotated whilemaintaining a constant speed of a certain degree in accordance with theinertia of the motor itself (however, the rotation number is graduallylowered by the friction force of the shaft, etc.). The numeral 71designates maximum acceleration means for maximumly accelerating thespindle motor 2 in an open loop, 72 designates maximum decelerationmeans for maximumly decelerating the spindle motor 2 in an open loop, 73designates means for setting the gain of the control loop to be 1/n, and74 designates cycle detecting means for detecting the rotational cycleof the spindle.

The operation of the thus configured disk reproducing device will bedescribed. FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the access operation inEmbodiment 8 which is performed mainly in the spindle control switchingmeans 62. In FIG. 16, when the access command is accepted in step 1,first, the target rotational cycle of the spindle is calculated in step2. It is assumed that the maximum target linear velocity (indicated byVmax) or the minimum target linear velocity (indicated by Vmin) at whichreproduction is enabled has been determined from the processing limit ofthe reproducing device. When the target pickup position (the distancefrom the center of the disk) is r and the angular velocity of therotation of the disk is ω, generally, the rotational cycle T at thelinear velocity V is T=2πr/V from V=rω and ω=2π/T. By this expression,Tmax and Tmin are obtained from Vmax and Vmin, respectively. Thedistance r from the center of the disk can be obtained in the process ofobtaining the traverse moving distance which is necessary for theprocess of moving the pickup. Therefore, the current rotational cycle(indicated by T1) is detected by the cycle detecting means 74. The cycleT1 may be obtained also by calculating T1 from the linear velocity whichis obtained by the linear velocity supervisory means 61. If Tmax(maximum linear velocity)<T1<Tmin (minimum linear velocity), therotational speed of the disk is already within the target range, andhence the spindle command switching means 70 is opened so that thespindle is caused to free run (step 11). Alternatively, the spindlecommand switching means 70 may be connected to the 1/n means 73. In thiscase, the rotation number at that time can be continuously maintainedwhile suppressing the reduction of the rotation number due to friction,etc. If Tmax>T1, the target cycle T1 is set to be T1=Tmax, and, ifTmax<T1, the target cycle T1 is set to be T1=Tmin. Then, it is judged instep 3 whether the rotation control direction of the spindle isacceleration or deceleration. This judgement is conducted by detectingthe current linear velocity (indicated by V1) by means of the linearvelocity supervisory means 61, obtaining the current angular velocity ω1from the current linear velocity, and comparing the current angularvelocity with the target angular velocity ω2. Specifically, when thetarget linear velocity is V2, ω1=V1/r1 and ω2=V2/r2 are obtained fromthe current pickup position (the distance from the center of the disk isr1), and the target pickup position (the distance from the center of thedisk is r2), and their size relationships are compared with each other.If ω1>ω2, the spindle motor 2 is in the deceleration direction, and,when ω1<ω2, in the acceleration direction. The distance from the centerof the disk may be indicated by the number of tracks counted from thedisk center. The track number can be obtained in the process ofobtaining the number of tracks to be jumped which is necessary for theprocess of moving the pickup. In this way, it is judged whether thespindle motor is acceleration or deceleration. If it is judged to beacceleration, the spindle command switching means 70 is set in step 4 tothe maximum acceleration means 71, and, if it is judged to bedeceleration, the spindle command switching means 70 is set in step 5 tothe maximum deceleration means 72. According to this configuration, therotation number of the disk during the movement of the pickup can reachfor a shortest period range of the target rotation number. When theoptical pickup 5 starts to be moved in response to the pickup movecommand (start of coarse seek) in step 6, the spindle rotational cycleT2 obtained by the cycle detecting means 74 is detected in step 7. Themovement of the optical pickup 5 is continued until the count value ofthe track cross signal detected from the optical pickup 5 reaches thetarget. In parallel with this, the judging process of the switch commandto the spindle command switching means 70 is performed in the spindlesystem. In the process, judgement depends on acceleration anddeceleration (step 8). In the case of acceleration, the cycle T1 iscompared with the detected cycle T2 (step 9). If T2>T1, the detectionprocess is repeated. If T2<=T1, it is judged that the rotational cyclereaches the target range, and the spindle command switching means 70 isopened so that the spindle is caused to free run (step 11). In the caseof deceleration, similarly, T1 is compared with T2 (step 10). If T2<T1,the detection process is repeated. If T2>=T1, it is judged that therotational cycle reaches the target range, and the spindle commandswitching means 70 is opened so that the spindle is caused to free run(step 11). At the timing when the pickup movement is ended (completionof coarse seek) in step 12, the spindle command switching means 70 isconnected to the spindle motor control block 48 (step 13). At this time,the gain of the control of the spindle is set to be the normal state.Then, minute movement for correcting fine deviation with respect to thecurrent position (fine seek) is conducted so that the optical pickup 5reaches the final target position. The procedure after the movement ofthe pickup is ended and the state in which variable linear velocityreproduction is enabled is attained may be performed in the same manneras Embodiment 6. Specifically, if it is judged in step 3 that thespindle control is acceleration, the spindle command switching means 70is switched to the spindle motor control block 48 so that the spindleservo property has a normal time constant. By contrast, if it is judgedin step 3 that the spindle control is deceleration, the spindle commandswitching means 70 is switched to the 1/n means 73 so that the gain ofthe spindle servo property is reduced and the time constant is slow.Thereafter, reproduction of data is started. In the above-describedprocess in the case where judgement is deceleration, after shifted tothe start of data reproduction, the switching may be conducted so that,when the variable linear velocity reproduction state is ended and therotation reaches the normal reproducing speed, the spindle servoproperty has the normal time constant.

In the Embodiment 8 described above, means for setting the output of themaximum acceleration means or the maximum deceleration means to be 1/nmay be disposed in place of the 1/n means 73 so that the device operatesin the same manner. For example, means for setting the output of themaximum acceleration means to be 1/n may be used in place of means forcausing the spindle to free run, for example. In this case, thereduction of the rotation number due to friction, etc. can besuppressed.

The effects of aforementioned Embodiment 8 will be described. Prior tothe description, Embodiment 7 will be briefly reviewed. As described inEmbodiment 7, FIG. 18 shows the access operation in a prior art diskreproducing device of variable linear velocity reproduction, and thedisk reproducing device of Embodiment 6. In this case, in a zone wherethe rotation number immediately before the access is lower than therotation number indicated by the one-dot chain line, the spindle speedcommand is inverted so that deceleration is not performed and the motoris accelerated. Therefore, needless rotation variation which isoriginally unnecessary is performed, and energy is wastefully consumed.To comply with this, in Embodiment 7, in a zone where the spindle speedcommand is inverted, the gain of the spindle servo property is madesmaller as shown in FIG. 19, thereby reducing influences on the rotationnumber of the disk as much as possible. In thus configured Embodiment 7,however, the settlement to the target rotation number N2 is notperformed until the traverse passes through the spindle commandinversion zone. As a result, the settlement to the target rotationnumber requires a prolonged period. By contrast, in Embodiment 8, thecycle detecting means is disposed, and the spindle is maximumlyaccelerated or decelerated until the target rotation number is attainedwhile detecting the rotation number of the disk during the accessoperation, thereby allowing settlement to the target rotation number tobe performed simultaneously with the start of the movement of thetraverse. Therefore, the rotation settlement can be performed for ashorter period than Embodiment 7. Since the spindle is maximumlyaccelerated or decelerated during the access operation, the inversion ofthe speed command does not occur. As a result, the energy consumptioncan be suppressed to a minimum level while performing access at a higherspeed.

In Embodiment 8, in the case where the rotational cycle has reached thetarget before the access command is accepted, the gain of the spindlecontrol may be reduced or free run is enabled, so that the rotationalcycle is maintained as far as possible. This can suppress energyconsumption to a minimum required level while enabling high-speedaccess.

In the flowchart of Embodiment 8 shown in FIG. 16, the process methodwhich is performed in the sequence of steps 2, 15, and 11 may beexecuted jointly with Embodiment 6. In this case, the process of step 11can be executed by aborting the control by means of the spindle servoproperty switching means 60 of FIG. 7 or setting the gain of the servoto an extremely small value.

Embodiment 9

Next, a disk reproducing device of Embodiment 9 will be described.

In FIG. 20, 1 designates a CD wherein recording was performed by the CLVsystem, 5 designates an optical pickup, 2 designates a spindle motor, 7designates a traverse motor which moves the optical pick 5 in a radialdirection, 45 designates variable linear velocity reproducing means, 46designates a subcode reproduction block in the variable linear velocityreproducing means 45, 47 designates a data reproduction block in thevariable linear velocity reproducing means 45, 48 designates a spindlecontrol block in the variable linear velocity reproducing means, 61designates linear velocity supervisory means for measuring the linearvelocity with reference to the output of the variable linear velocityreproducing means 45, and 62 designates spindle control switching meansfor outputting a switch signal to the spindle servo property switchingmeans with reference to the output of the linear velocity supervisorymeans. The numeral 70 designates spindle command switching means whichselects the control loop to the spindle motor 2, and 74 designates cycledetecting means for detecting the rotational cycle of the spindle. Thesecomponents have the same functions as those of the disk reproducingdevice used in Embodiment 7, and hence their detailed description isomitted. The numeral 80 designates rotational cycle setting means forsetting a target rotational cycle to rotational cycle control means 81which will be described below. The rotational cycle control means 81controls the spindle motor 2 so that the rotational cycle given from therotational cycle setting means 80 is attained, while comparing with therotational cycle of the cycle detecting means 74.

The operation of the thus configured disk reproducing device will bedescribed. FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing the access operation inEmbodiment 9 which is performed mainly in the linear velocitysupervisory means 61, the rotational cycle setting means 80, and thespindle control switching means 62. In FIG. 21, when the access commandis accepted in step 1, first, the focus control and the tracking controlof the optical pickup 5 are turned ON in step 2 so that the reading ofthe disk signal is enabled. Then, the current rotational cycle(indicated by T1) immediately before access is detected in step 3 by thecycle detecting means 74. The cycle T1 may be obtained also bycalculating T1 from the linear velocity which is obtained by the linearvelocity supervisory means 61. It is assumed that the maximum targetlinear velocity (indicated by Vmax) or the minimum target linearvelocity (indicated by Vmin) at which reproduction is enabled has beendetermined from the processing limit of the reproducing device. When thetarget pickup position (the distance from the center of the disk) is rand the angular velocity of the rotation of the disk is ω, generally,the rotational cycle T at the linear velocity V is T=2πr/V from V=rω andω=2π/T. By this expression, Tmax and Tmin are obtained from Vmax andVmin, respectively. The distance r from the center of the disk can beobtained in the process of obtaining the traverse moving distance whichis necessary for the process of moving the optical pickup 5. In steps 4and 5, judging processes for obtaining the cycle which is to be set tothe rotational cycle setting means 80 are performed. If Tmax (maximumlinear velocity)<T1<Tmin (minimum linear velocity), the rotational speedof the disk is already within the target range, and hence the currentrotational cycle T1 is set in step 8 to the rotational cycle settingmeans so that the current rotation number of the disk is maintained. IfTmax>T1, Tmax is set in step 7 to the rotational cycle setting means,and, if Tmin<T1, Tmin is set in step 6 to the rotational cycle settingmeans. In this way, the target cycle is set depending on the situation.Thereafter, the spindle command switching means 70 is switched in step 9to the rotational cycle control means 81, and the spindle ;motor iscontrolled so as to attain the target cycle. In step 10, the opticalpickup 5 is moved. According to this configuration, the rotation numberof the disk during the movement of the optical pickup 5 can reach thetarget rotation number for a shortest period. When the movement of theoptical pickup 5 is ended, the spindle command switching means is set instep 11 to the spindle motor control block. When the rotation number ofthe disk reaches the target and variable linear velocity reproduction isenabled, data reproduction is performed (step 12). When datareproduction is completed, the current rotational cycle T2 is detectedin step 13. The current rotational cycle can be detected by the cycledetecting means 74, or calculated from the linear velocity obtained fromthe linear velocity supervisory means 61. Then, T2 is set to therotational cycle setting means (step 14). The switching means is set instep 15 to the rotational cycle control means. As a result, it ispossible to maintain the rotation number of the disk attained at thecompletion of data reproduction. Then, the focus control and thetracking control of the optical pickup 5 are turned OFF, and this stateis maintained until the next access command is received.

The procedure after the state in which variable linear velocityreproduction is enabled is attained in step 12 may be performed in thesame manner as Embodiment 6. Specifically, if it is judged in step 5that the spindle control is acceleration (Tmin<T1), the gain property ofthe servo is set to be normal in the rotational cycle control means. Bycontrast, if it is judged that the spindle control is deceleration(Tmax>T1), the gain property of the servo is reduced so that the timeconstant is slower. Thereafter, reproduction of data is started. In theabove-described process in the case where judgement is deceleration,after shifted to the start of data reproduction, the switching may beconducted so that, when the variable linear velocity reproduction stateis ended and the rotation reaches the normal reproducing speed, thespindle servo property has the normal time constant.

Alternatively, when the judgement result of step 5 is that the spindlecontrol is deceleration (Tmax>T1), the processes of steps 11, 13, 14,and 15 may not be performed. In the alternative, data reproduction instep 12 can be always performed at the maximum linear velocity (at thistime, the rotational cycle of the disk is Tmax), and hence data can beread out at a higher transfer rate.

As described above, according to Embodiment 9, the target rotationalcycle is calculated, and the cycle is set to the rotational cyclecontrol means. Therefore, the motor can reach for a shortest period arotational cycle at which variable linear velocity reproduction isenabled. If, when access is accepted, the rotational cycle has alreadyreached the target, the rotational cycle can be maintained.Consequently, the energy consumed by the spindle motor can be suppressedto the minimum required level while high-speed access is enabled. Duringa period other than that when the access command is executed, the focusand tracking control of the optical pickup 5 is turned OFF.Consequently, energy consumption in the optical pickup mechanism can bereduced to a minimum required level. Generally, it is known that thelens unit of an optical pickup is vulnerable to heat, and the opticalpickup mechanism easily generates heat as a result of the focus andtracking control, whereby the lens unit of the optical pickup is easilydamaged. When the above-described process is performed, it is possibleto suppress the temperature rise in the vicinity of the optical pickupto a substantially low level.

Embodiment 10

Next, a disk reproducing device of Embodiment 10 will be described. InFIG. 22, 1 designates a CD wherein recording was performed by the CLVsystem, 5 designates an optical pickup, 2 designates a spindle motor, 7designates a traverse motor which moves the optical pick 5 in a radialdirection, 45 designates variable linear velocity reproducing means, 46designates a subcode reproduction block in the variable linear velocityreproducing means 45, 47 designates a data reproduction block in thevariable linear velocity reproducing means 45, 48 designates a spindlecontrol block in the variable linear velocity reproducing means, and 60designates spindle servo property switching means which can select aplurality of closed loop properties. These components have the samefunctions as those of the disk reproducing device used in Embodiment 4,and hence their detailed description is omitted. The numeral 74designates cycle detecting means for detecting the rotational cycle ofthe spindle, and 62 designates spindle control switching means foroutputting a switch signal to the spindle servo property switching means60 with reference to the output of the cycle detecting means 74.

The operation of the thus configured disk reproducing device will bedescribed. FIG. 23 is a flowchart showing the access operation inEmbodiment 10 which is performed mainly in the spindle control switchingmeans 62. In FIG. 23, when the access command is accepted in step 1,upper and lower limits of the target rotational cycle of the spindle arecalculated in step 2. It is assumed that the maximum target linearvelocity (Vmax) or the minimum target linear velocity (Vmin) at whichreproduction is enabled has been determined from the processing limit ofthe reproducing device. When the target pickup position (the distancefrom the center of the disk) is r and the angular velocity of therotation of the disk is ω, generally, the rotational cycle T at thelinear velocity V is T=2πr/V from V=rω and ω2π/T. By this expression,Tmax and Tmin are obtained from Vmax and Vmin, respectively. Thedistance r from the center of the disk can be obtained in the process ofobtaining the traverse moving distance which is necessary for theprocess of moving the pickup. Then, the current rotational cycle(indicated by T1) is detected by the cycle detecting means 74. The cycleT1 may be obtained also by calculating T1 from the linear velocity whichis obtained by the linear velocity supervisory means 61 which is used inthe description of other embodiments. If Tmax (maximum linearvelocity)<T1<Tmin (minimum linear velocity), the rotational speed of thedisk is already within the target range, and hence a switch signal istransmitted in step 3 to the spindle servo property switching means 60so that the gain of the servo property is reduced. Alternatively, thespindle control is aborted and free run is enabled (i.e., the gain ofthe servo is made zero). If Tmax>T1 or T1>Tmin, the rotational speed ofthe disk is outside the target range, and hence the switch signal istransmitted in step 4 so that the gain of the servo property isincreased. As a result, the spindle servo property during the movementof the optical pickup 5 can be changed so that, when the rotation numberis within the target, the time constant with respect to the rotationsettlement is made slower, and, when the rotation is outside the target,the time constant is made faster. In subsequent step 5, the opticalpickup is moved in parallel with the rotation control of the spindlemotor 2. When the movement of the pickup is ended and the state in whichvariable linear velocity reproduction is enabled is attained, the switchsignal is transmitted in step 6 so that the spindle servo property hasthe normal time constant.

According to the above-described disk reproducing device of Embodiment10, in access to the target address, upper and lower limits of therotational cycle of the disk at which reproduction at the target addresspoint is enabled are obtained, and the limits are compared with therotational cycle of the disk attained immediately before access. If,when access is accepted, the rotational cycle has already reached thetarget, the gain of the spindle control is reduced or free run isenabled, so that the rotational cycle is maintained as far as possible.This can suppress energy consumption to a minimum level. When therotational cycle is outside the target, the gain of the spindle controlis increased, so that the rotation control of the spindle reaches fasterthe target range, thereby enabling high-speed access to be realized.

In Embodiments 4, and 6 to 9, the devices in which the linear velocityis detected from the linear velocity supervisory means 61 have beendescribed. Alternatively, the linear velocity may be obtained bycalculation using the cycle which is obtained by the cycle detectingmeans 74 used in Embodiments 8 and 9. In the alternative, when thelinear velocity is V, the cycle detected by the cycle detecting means isT, and the current pickup position (the distance from the center of thedisk) is r, V is obtained from V=2πr/T.

The symbol π used in the description of the embodiments means the ratioof the circumference of a circle to its diameter.

EMBODYING MODE 2

Hereinafter, a disk reproducing device of another embodying mode of theinvention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1

FIG. 24 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 1. In FIG. 24, a CD 1 is rotated by the CLV systemby means of a spindle motor 2 and a spindle control circuit 3. A crystaloscillation circuit 4 generates a fixed clock signal which is used inthe spindle control. An optical pickup 5 which reads out digital datarecorded on the CD 1 is moved to a target position by an access controlcircuit 6 and a traverse motor 7. A binarizing circuit 8 shapes thewaveform of the output of the optical pickup 5 and digitizes the output.A regenerative clock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 is regenerativeclock signal generating means for extracting a regenerative clock signalfrom reproduced data which are the output of the binarizing circuit 8.An EFM demodulation circuit 10 is demodulation means for demodulatingthe reproduced data by using the regenerative clock signal, andoutputting the demodulated data. A synchronization detecting circuit 11is synchronizing signal detecting means for detecting a synchronizingsignal for signal processing from reproduced data, and outputting asynchronization detection signal. A buffer write control circuit 12 iswrite address generating means for generating a write clock signal and awrite address for storing the demodulated data into a buffer 13functioning as data storage means, from the synchronization detectionsignal and the regenerative clock signal. A signal-processingclock-signal generating circuit 23 is clock signal for signal processinggenerating means for generating clock signals for signal processing of apredetermined number for each synchronization detection signal. A bufferread control circuit 20 is address generating means for generating, byusing the clock signal for signal processing, a read clock signal (readclock signal) and a read address (read address) for reading outdemodulated data stored in the buffer. A CIRC decoder 21 is signalprocessing means for performing signal processing such as errorcorrection on the read out demodulated data, and outputting CD data. ACD-ROM decoder 22 takes out user data in the CD-ROM format from the CDdata.

FIG. 25 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of theregenerative clock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 and thesignal-processing clock-signal generating circuit 23 which arecomponents of Embodiment 1. The regenerative clock signal extracting PLLcircuit 9 comprises: a phase comparator 91 which detects the phasedifference between the reproduced data and the regenerative clocksignal; a filter 92; a VCO 93; and a 2-frequency divider 94. A1152-counter 231 counts 1,152 pulses of the clock signal output from theVCO 93, with using the synchronizing signal as the reference. An RSlatch 232 is set by the synchronization detection signal, and reset bythe output of the 1152-counter 231. The conduction/nonconduction statesof a switch circuit 233 are switched over by the output of the RS latch.

The operation of the thus configured disk reproducing device will bedescribed with reference to FIGS. 24, 25, and 26. FIG. 26 is a chartillustrating the operation of the clock signal for signal processing inEmbodiment 1.

First, when the CD-ROM drive device is to reproduce data at the standardspeed, the spindle control circuit 3 controls the rotation number of thespindle motor 2 so that the linear velocity at the current reproductionposition is about 1.3 m/s. This is performed by conducting the controlso that the regenerative clock signal extracted from the reproduced datawhich are read out by the optical pickup 5 and then digitized by thebinarizing circuit 8 is synchronized with the fixed clock signalgenerated by the crystal oscillation circuit 4. The reproduced data aredemodulated by the EFM demodulation circuit 10 by using the regenerativeclock signal, and then stored as demodulated data into the buffer 13.

The synchronization detecting circuit 11 detects the synchronizingsignal from the reproduced data and outputs the synchronizationdetection signal.

The regenerative clock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 detects the phasedifference between the reproduced data and the regenerative clocksignal, and causes the phase difference to pass through the filter 92,thereby controlling the oscillation frequency of the VCO 93. Thefrequency of the clock signal output from the VCO 93 is divided by the2-frequency divider 94, and then output as the regenerative clocksignal. In reproduction at the standard speed, therefore, theregenerative clock signal is extracted at 4.3218 MHz. The clock signaloutput from the VCO 93 is 8.6436 MHz which is twice the regenerativeclock signal, and 1,176 clock pulses appear per frame.

In the clock signal for signal processing generating circuit 23, foreach synchronization detection signal, the combination of the1152-counter 231, the RS latch 232, and the switch circuit 233 allows1,152 pulses of the clock signal output from the VCO 93 to pass throughthe circuit. As a result, a clock signal of 8,467,200 pulses per secondis generated. This corresponds to a clock signal of 8.4672 MHz. Thebuffer read control circuit 20 generates the read clock signal and theread address on the basis of the clock signal for signal processing. Thedemodulated data stored in the buffer 13 are sent to the CIRC decoder.The demodulated data read out from the buffer 13 are transferred to amemory for storing an amount of data which is required for decoding inthe CIRC decoder 21, and subjected to error correction, etc. by usingthe clock signal for signal processing. The CD data are sent to theCD-ROM decoder 22 and reproduced as user data.

When abnormal data are reproduced because of a defect on the disk or thelike and the regenerative clock signal is shifted to an abnormalfrequency, there is always a margin corresponding to 24 pulses of theclock signal output from the VCO 93, in 1 frame. Consequently, deviationbetween the writing timing and the reading timing in the buffer can bemoderated by the margin. Even when the buffer capacity is increased inorder to prevent an overflow or a blank state from occurring in thebuffer, therefore, the amount to be increased can be made small.

When the synchronizing signal cannot be detected because of a defect,generally, a synchronization detecting circuit detects nonexistence ofthe synchronizing signal, and outputs a pseudo-synchronization detectionsignal.

Even when, during access, the disk has not yet reached the predeterminedrotation number after the arrival of the optical pickup to a targetposition, the clock signal for signal processing of a predeterminednumber per frame can be generated as shown in FIG. 26 as far as theregenerative clock signal is detected, in both the case where thereproducing speed is low and the reproduction period per frame is long,and that where the reproducing speed is high and the reproduction periodper frame is short. Therefore, signal processing such as CIRC can bepromptly performed and high-speed access is enabled.

Embodiment 2

Next, Embodiment 2 will be described.

FIG. 27 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a clock signalfor signal processing generating circuit used in a CD-ROM drive deviceof Embodiment 2. In FIG. 27, 234 designates a reference clock signalgenerating circuit which generates a reference clock signal. Forexample, the circuit outputs a fixed clock signal of 14.7 MHz whichcorresponds to 2,000 clock pulses per frame in the standard-speedreproduction. The clock signal for signal processing generating circuit23 outputs 1,152 clock pulses among the clock pulses, as the clocksignal for signal processing. Consequently, there is a margincorresponding to 848 clock pulses. Even when, during access, thereproducing speed is 1.7 times the predetermined speed at the timingwhen the optical pickup 5 reaches a target position, therefore, it ispossible to generate the clock signal for signal processing of 1,152clock pulses.

As described above, since the clock signal for signal processinggenerating circuit which generates the clock signals for signalprocessing of a predetermined number of for each synchronizationdetection signal, it is not necessary to use a PLL circuit forgenerating the clock signal for signal processing. Therefore, thecircuit scale can be reduced. Even when, during access, thepredetermined reproduction speed has not yet been attained after thearrival of the optical pickup to a target position, the clock signalsfor signal processing of a predetermined number per frame can begenerated. Therefore, signal processing such as CIRC can be promptlyperformed and high-speed access is enabled.

Embodiment 3

Next, Embodiment 3 will be described.

FIG. 28 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 3. In FIG. 28, 83 designates a VCO which issignal-processing clock-signal generating means for generating a clocksignal for signal processing, 84 designates a signal-processingclock-signal divider which is dividing means for dividing the frequencyof the clock signal for signal processing by a predetermined number, andoutputting a frequency-divided clock signal for signal processing, 81designates a phase comparator which is signal cycle comparison means forphase-comparing the synchronization detection signal with thefrequency-divided clock signal for signal processing. Asignal-processing clock-signal generating circuit 80 comprises the phasecomparator 81 which is the signal cycle comparison means, a filter 82,the VC0 83, and the signal-processing clock-signal divider 84.

In FIG. 28, Embodiment 3 is different from the prior art example shownin FIG. 61, in that the phase comparator which is signal cyclecomparison means for comparing the synchronization detection signal withthe frequency-divided clock signal for signal processing is disposed,and that this disposition enables the clock signal for signal processingto be generated on the basis of the synchronization detection signal.

During reproduction, the synchronizing signal is detected one time perframe. When the division ratio of the signal-processing clock-signaldivider 84 is set to be 1,152, therefore, the frequency-divided clocksignal for signal processing has 1 pulses per frame, or has the cycleequal to that of the synchronization detection signal. When thesynchronization detection signal is compared in phase with thefrequency-divided clock signal for signal processing, therefore, apredetermined clock signal for signal processing corresponding to thesynchronization detection signal is output.

As described above, the clock signal for signal processing is generatedon the basis of the synchronization detection signal. Even when, duringreproduction, the regenerative clock signal cannot be normally extractedbecause of a defect on the disk, therefore, the clock signal for signalprocessing is generated so that predetermined relationships are formedbetween the synchronization detection signal and the frequency-dividedclock signal for signal processing. This can eliminate an overflow and ablank state in a buffer.

When the clock signal for signal processing and the frequency-dividedclock signal for signal processing are used as the input of the bufferread control circuit 20, the circuit can be configured in the samemanner as the buffer write control circuit 12. This produce an advantagethat most of the circuit can be commonly used.

Embodiment 4

Next, Embodiment 4 will be described.

FIG. 29 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 4. In FIG. 29, 85 designates an address comparisoncircuit which is address comparison means. A signal-processingclock-signal generating circuit 80 comprises the address comparisoncircuit 85, a filter 82, a VCO 83 which is clock signal for signalprocessing generating means, and a signal-processing clock-signaldivider 84 which is dividing means.

The configuration of Embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 29 is different fromthat of Embodiment 3, in that the address comparison circuit 85 which isaddress comparison means for comparing the write address with the readaddress is disposed. In an example of the address comparison circuit 85,change positions of the same bits in parallel signals respectivelyindicative of write and read addresses are phase-compared by the addresscomparison circuit 85.

FIGS. 30, 31, and 32 are views illustrating an example of the method ofgenerating the clock signal for signal processing in Embodiment 4. Thewrite address is a 3-bit data in which the synchronization detectionsignal is counted by a synchronization detection counter in the bufferwrite control circuit, and counted up in synchronization with thesynchronizing signal. The read address is a 3-bit data in which thefrequency-divided clock signal for signal processing is counted by aclock signal frequency-dividing counter in the buffer write controlcircuit, and counted up in synchronization with the frequency-dividedclock signal for signal processing.

The address comparison circuit 85 compares the most significant bits(MSBs) of the write and read addresses with each other, and outputs thephase difference between them. The VCO 83 generates the clock signal forsignal processing on the basis of the error signal.

The frequency-divided clock signal for signal processing is obtained bydividing the frequency of the clock signal for signal processing by, forexample, 1,152 in the signal-processing clock-signal generating circuit80. In normal reproduction, the frequency-divided clock signal forsignal processing has the frequency equal to that of the synchronizingsignal. The frequency-divided clock signal for signal processing iscounted up by the clock signal frequency-dividing counter, so as tobecome the read address.

Since the address comparison circuit 85 phase-compares the mostsignificant bits (MSBs) of the 3-bit write and read addresses with eachother, the relationship between the phase difference and the phase erroroutput is linear in the range of ±4 frames. Even when variation of thephase difference of ±4 frames or less occurs, therefore, it is possibleto return to the original position of an error of zero.

As described above, the clock signal for signal processing is generatedby comparing the write address and the read address with each other.Even when, during reproduction, the regenerative clock signal cannot benormally extracted because of a defect on the disk, therefore, the clocksignal for signal processing is generated so that predeterminedrelationships are always formed between the write and read addresses.This can eliminate an overflow and a blank state in a buffer.

When the disk has not yet reached the predetermined rotation number atthe timing of the arrival of the optical pickup to a target position asa result of access, the relationships between the write and readaddresses at the timing when the clock signal for signal processing issettled to a frequency corresponding to the linear velocity alwaysfunction so that the buffer margin is maximum. Consequently, a defect onthe disk does not immediately produce a problem such as an overflow.This produces an advantage that the buffer capacity can be reduced.

Embodiment 5

Next, Embodiment 5 will be described.

FIG. 33 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 5. Embodiment 5 shown FIG. 33 is different fromEmbodiment 4 in that the address comparison circuit 85 which is addresscomparison means for comparing the write address with the read address,and an address reset circuit 42 which is address reset means forsimultaneously setting the write address and the read address to apredetermined value are disposed.

In an example of the address reset, on the basis of information such asa traverse start position and a traverse period output from the accesscontrol circuit 6 during access, and a traverse end signal indicatingthat the traverse has reached a target position, the address resetcircuit 42 obtains an address reset delay time, and outputs an addressreset signal when the delay time has elapsed after the traverse endsignal.

The address reset delay time has a value obtained by calculation orempirically from the time period during which the clock signal forsignal processing will be settled to a frequency corresponding to thelinear velocity. According to this configuration, even when the timeperiod during which the actual clock signal for signal processing issettled is somewhat varied, the address is compulsorily initialized. Asa result, the timing when data can be reproduced is made clear, therebyenabling high-speed access. This is because the clock signal for signalprocessing generating circuit functions so that optimum relationshipsare established between the addresses and hence the residual error atthe address reset can be absorbed.

As described above, the address reset is performed during a period whenthe clock signal for signal processing is settled. During reproduction,the relationships between the write and read addresses always functionso that the buffer margin is maximum, and hence also an advantage thatthe buffer capacity can be reduced is produced.

In the above, the embodiments in which the CD is reproduced at thestandard speed have been described. In some CD-ROM drive devices,reproduction is performed at a double or higher speed. It is a matter ofcourse that, also in such a device, the invention can be realized bysimilar configuration.

In the embodiments described above, the buffer for storing thereproduced data, and the memory for signal processing such as errorcorrection are separately disposed. Alternatively, these components maybe realized as a common memory.

In Embodiment 4, the address comparison circuit 85 compares the mostsignificant bit of the write address with that of the read address. Thebits to be compared are not restricted to the most significant bits.Namely, the least significant bits, or other bits may be used.

Embodiment 6

Next, Embodiment 6 will be described.

A CD-ROM drive device of Embodiment 6 is basically configured in thesame manner as that shown in FIG. 24 and used in the description ofEmbodiment 1, and hence its detailed description is omitted. Thedescription of Embodiment 6 is directed mainly to the configuration andoperation of the regenerative clock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 inthe configuration of FIG. 24.

FIGS. 34 and 35 show in detail the configuration of the regenerativeclock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 (FIG. 24).

In FIG. 34, a phase comparator 101 detects the phase difference betweentwo signals. A charge pump 102 discharges and sucks a current inaccordance with the phase difference output from the phase comparator101, and converts the phase difference into a voltage by an interactionbetween the charge pump and a filter 103 described below. The chargepump 102 and the filter 103 constitute a phase/voltage converter 108.The filter 103 is configured by a resistor and a capacitor. A VCO 104 ismeans for generating the regenerative clock signal on the basis of thevoltage (hereinafter, referred to as the VCO input voltage) which isobtained by conversion in the phase/voltage converter 108. Voltagesupervisory means 105 is means for supervising the VCO input voltage,and switching the amount of a current to be discharged and sucked in thecharge pump 102 by means of switches 209 to 214 described later.Reference signal generating means 106 generates two reference signalswhich are to be supplied to the phase comparator 101. Signal switchingmeans 107 is means for switching over the two signals supplied to thephase comparator 101. The numeral 108 designates the phase/voltageconverter described above. A switch 109 is disposed in order to set theVC0 input voltage to a reference voltage which is the output offixed-voltage generating means 110. The numeral 110 designates thefixed-voltage generating means. The signal switching means 107 and theswitch 109 are controlled by the voltage supervisory means 105.

FIG. 35 is a block diagram showing in detail the configuration of thereference signal generating means 106. An oscillator 161 oscillates at afrequency of 33.8 MHz. A 2-frequency divider 162 divides the frequencyof the output signal of the oscillator 161 by two. A 6-frequency divider163 divides the frequency of the output signal of the oscillator 161 bysix. A latch 164 makes the phase relationships of the two referencesignals coincident with each other. Inverters 165 and 166 invert thebinary logic of an input signal and then output the inverted signal. Inthis way, two reference signals (referred to as 6Tdata and CLK2) aregenerated.

FIG. 36 shows an example of the configuration of a current correctionunit which adjusts the current discharging and sucking operations of thecharge pump 102. The numerals 201 to 208 designate constant currentsources, 209 to 214 designate the current-level adjusting switches whichadjust the amount of a current to be discharged and sucked in the chargepump 102, and 215 and 216 designate switches through which a current isdischarged and sucked in response to the output of the phase comparator101.

The operation of the thus configured regenerative clock signalextracting PLL circuit will be described. FIG. 37 shows the procedurewhich is performed mainly in the voltage supervisory means 105 duringthe adjustment of the properties of the regenerative clock signalextracting PLL circuit of Embodiment 6. First, in step 1, the switch 109is turned ON so that the output terminal (hereinafter, referred to asthe PLLF terminal) of the charge pump 102 is held to the fixed voltage.The fixed voltage is applied to the voltage supervisory means 105, andstored therein. Then, the signal switching means 107 is operated in step2 so that the two reference signals, i.e., the teacher data 6Tdata andthe teacher clock signal CLK2 are supplied to the phase comparator 101.The switch 109 is turned OFF in step 3 so that the PLLF terminal isreleased from the fixed voltage. After a lapse of a constant period, thevoltage supervisory means 105 receives in step 4 the voltage of the PLLFterminal. The difference between the value of the fixed voltage input instep 1 and that of the voltage input in step 4 is obtained. Therefore,the variation amount of the property of the charge pump 102 is obtained.Next, the current-level adjusting switches 209 to 214 are set in step 5on the basis of the difference so that the amount of a current to bedischarged and sucked is adjusted, whereby variation of the property ofthe charge pump 102 is corrected. As a result of performing these steps,the operation in property adjustment is completed. This process may beconducted one time when the disk reproducing device is started up orwhen the medium is replaced with another one.

When the embodiment is configured by a semiconductor LSI, generally, theproperties of the charge pump are varied depending on the semiconductorprocess. When the regenerative clock signal extracting PLL circuitgenerates a clock signal, the variation causes the clock signal to bedeviated from the optimum phase. As a result, correct data cannot beextracted and the error rate of reproduced data is increased. Accordingto Embodiment 6 described above, variations of the properties of thecharge pump is adjusted at startup, and hence influences of variationsof properties due to the semiconductor process can be eliminated.

EMBODYING MODE 3

Hereinafter, a disk reproducing device of a further embodying mode ofthe invention will be described.

Embodiment 1

FIG. 38 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a CD-ROM drivedevice of Embodiment 1.

In FIG. 38, data are recorded on a CD 1 in a system in which the linearrecording density is constant. An optical pickup 5 detects andreproduces the recorded signals on the CD 1 as analog waveforms. Abinarizing circuit 8 binarizes the analog waveforms. A regenerativeclock signal extracting PLL circuit 9 extracts a regenerative clocksignal for reproducing data from the binarized signal, by means of aPLL. A synchronization detecting circuit 11 detects a framesynchronizing signal from the output of the binarizing circuit 8. When adisk of a constant linear recording density is rotated at a constantangular velocity, the frequencies of the regenerative clock signal andthe frame synchronizing signal are lower as the optical pickup 5 is at amore inner peripheral side, and higher as the optical pickup is at amore outer peripheral side. Demodulation/correction means 316demodulates data from the output of the binarizing circuit 8 insynchronization with the frame synchronizing signal, and performs codeerror correction based on a CIRC. A CD-ROM decoder 22 descramblesscrambled data of a CD-ROM output from the demodulation/correction means316, subjects the descrambled data to error detection and correction asCD-ROM data, and outputs the data. Spindle motor means 2 rotates theCD 1. A spindle control circuit 3 compares the outputs of a crystaloscillation circuit 36 as a reference clock signal generating means andthe synchronization detecting circuit 11 with each other, and controlsthe spindle motor means 2 in a closed loop so that the linear velocityof the CD 1 is constant.

Cycle measuring means 311 measures the cycle (the cycle is indicated byT) of the frame synchronizing signal output from the synchronizationdetecting circuit 11. Comparison means 312 compares the cycle T measuredby the cycle measuring means 311 with a fixed threshold supplied fromfixed threshold means 313 (the comparison value is indicated by T'), andoutputs the size relationship in the form of a binary logic. Forexample, if the measured cycle T>=the comparison value T', "H" level isoutput, and, if the measured cycle T< the comparison value T', "L"'level is output. Microcomputer means 314 issues an enable or inhibitcommand to reproduction enabling means 317 on the basis of thecomparison result of the comparison means 312, thereby performing thegeneration of a signal processing start command. Synchronizationdetection judging means 315 judges whether the frame synchronizingsignal is correctly detected in the synchronization detecting circuit 11or not. For example, if the synchronizing signal is correctly detected,"H" level is output, and, if the signal is not correctly detected, "L"level is output. In the method of judging the synchronization detection,the fact that the output interval of the frame synchronizing signalwhich is correctly detected corresponds to 588 times the interval of theregenerative clock signal output from the regenerative clock signalextracting PLL circuit 9 is used. For example, the pulses of thereference clock signal are counted during a period from the detection ofa first frame synchronizing signal to that of a second framesynchronizing signal. When the count number is within the range of, forexample, 580 to 596, it is judged that detection is correctly performed,and "H" level is output and held. In the case where the framesynchronizing signal cannot be detected even when the count numberbecomes 588×8 (corresponding to eight frame synchronizing signals) ormore, it is judged that the signal cannot be correctly detected, and "L"level is output and held. The synchronization detection judging means315 corresponds to extracted clock signal verification means forverifying that the regenerative clock signal is correctly extracted. Thereproduction enabling means 317 is means for enabling or inhibiting thetransfer of the output of the demodulation/correction means 316 to theCD-ROM decoder means 22 in the subsequent stage, and configured so as tobe controlled by the microcomputer means 314.

The operation of the thus configured device during track access will bedescribed.

FIG. 39 is a chart showing the procedure of the microcomputer means 314during access in Embodiment 1. It is assumed that the optical pickup 5is first at a predetermined position and the CD 1 is rotated at aconstant linear velocity. When the access command is not particularlyissued under this state, the reproduction enabling means 317 holds the"inhibit" state. As soon as the transfer of CD-ROM data is ended, thereproduction enabling means 317 sets the "inhibit" state. In FIG. 39,when access is accepted in step 1, the optical pickup 5 is moved in step2 to the target position on the CD 1. When the optical pickup 5 reachesthe target position, the regenerative clock signal and the framesynchronizing signal which have a frequency proportional to the linearvelocity corresponding to the rotation number of the disk at this timingare output from the regenerative clock signal extracting PLL circuit 9and the synchronization detecting circuit 11, respectively. Then, thejudgement on synchronization detection is performed in step 3. When thePLL is locked in the regenerative clock signal extracting PLL circuit 9,the detected frame synchronizing signal is output in a short time atcorrect intervals with respect to the frequency of the regenerativeclock signal (PLL). When the synchronization detection judging means 315judges that the frame synchronizing signal is correctly detected,therefore, the system proceeds to the next step. By contrast, when it isjudged that the frame synchronizing signal cannot be correctly detected,the system waits until the frame synchronizing signal can be correctlydetected. If the frame synchronizing signal is correctly detected, thedemodulation/correction means 316 performs demodulation and correctionat this timing even when the CD 1 has not yet reached a predeterminedlinear velocity. At this time, the linear velocity of the CD 1 may beincreased to a very high value by an insufficient rotation control ofthe disk due to a low torque of the spindle motor means 2. In such acase, in the process of the demodulation/correction means 316 in thesubsequent stage, an error rate of the minimum required level cannot beensured in data reproduction. To comply with this, the cycle T of theframe synchronizing signal obtained by the cycle measuring means 311 iscompared in step 4 with the predetermined comparison value T'. Thecomparison value T' is the cycle of the frame synchronizing signal inthe maximum linear velocity at which an error rate of the minimumrequired level cant be ensured. If the linear velocity of the CD 1exceeds the maximum linear velocity (i.e., the case of T<T') as a resultof the comparison, the system waits until the linear velocity of the CD1 becomes not higher than the maximum linear velocity (T>=T'). When thelinear velocity becomes not higher than the maximum linear velocity, thereproduction enabling means 317 sets the "enable" state in step 5. Then,the demodulation/correction means 316 outputs data to the CD-ROM decoder22 at a transfer rate depending on the linear velocity of the CD 1,thereby starting reproduction of CD-ROM data.

FIGS. 40 and 41 are time charts showing the operation during access inEmbodiment 1. The tracking error signal in the figure shows the mannerof the pickup movement. The frequency of the PLL is the output frequencyof the regenerative clock signal extracting PLL circuit 9. Thesynchronization judgement signal is the output of the synchronizationdetection judging means 315, and the measured cycle T is the output ofthe cycle measuring means 311. The error flag is a flag indicatingwhether the code error correction of the demodulation/correction means316 is correctly performed or not.

FIG. 40 shows the operation in the case where the PLL is lockedimmediately after the movement of the pickup is completed. In this case,at the timing when the linear velocity of the disk becomes not higherthan the maximum linear velocity, reproduction of CD-ROM data isstarted.

FIG. 41 shows the case where, even when the movement of the pickup iscompleted, the PLL is not immediately locked. In this case, at thetiming indicated by encircled 1 in the figure, the linear velocity ofthe disk becomes not higher than the maximum linear velocity, but thesynchronization judgement signal is "L" level and the PLL is not locked.In a system of the prior art, reproduction is started at the timing ofencircled 1, and hence an error rate of the minimum required levelcannot be ensured during data reproduction. By contrast, in Embodiment1, after the lock of the PLL is verified by "H" level of thesynchronization judgement signal, reproduction is enabled, and hencereproduction is started at the timing indicated by encircled 2 in thefigure. Therefore, data reproduction can be stably performed. In thisway, an error rate of the minimum required level during datareproduction can be ensured.

Modification of Embodiment 1

When the configuration of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 38 is provided witha further set of the comparison means 312 and the fixed threshold means313, supervisory of the minimum linear velocity can be conductedsimultaneously with that of the maximum linear velocity. The additionalmeans are referred to as comparison means 312' and fixed threshold means313' (not shown), respectively. The maximum linear velocity cycle(indicated by T2) is set to the fixed threshold means 313, and apredetermined cycle of the minimum linear velocity (indicated by T1) isset to the fixed threshold means 313'. Consequently, the comparisonmeans 312 compares the cycle T of the frame synchronizing signalobtained from the cycle measuring means 311 with the maximum linearvelocity cycle T2, and the comparison means 312' compares the cycle T ofthe frame synchronizing signal with the minimum linear velocity T1.During the access operation, in step 4, the comparison means 312 and312' compare the cycle T of the frame synchronizing signal with thecomparison values T1 and T2, respectively. If the linear velocity of theCD 1 exceeds the maximum linear velocity (i.e., the case of T<T2) as aresult of the comparison, the system waits until the linear velocity ofthe CD 1 becomes not higher than the maximum linear velocity (T>=T2). Bycontrast, if the linear velocity of the CD 1 is lower than the minimumlinear velocity (i.e., the case of T>T1), the system waits until thelinear velocity of the CD 1 becomes not lower than the minimum linearvelocity (T<=T1). The system can be transferred to step 5 at the timingwhen both the conditions are satisfied. According to this configuration,supervisory of the minimum linear velocity can be conductedsimultaneously with that of the maximum linear velocity. In the abovedescription, the comparison means and the fixed threshold means arerealized by processing in hardware. Even when these means may beperformed by internal software of the microcomputer means 314, theembodiment can be executed.

Embodiment 2

Next, Embodiment 2 will be described. FIG. 42 is a block diagram showingthe configuration of a CD-ROM drive device of Embodiment 2. Thecomponents of the embodiment shown in FIG. 42 which are identical withthose of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 38 are designated by the samenumerals, and their detailed description is omitted. The configurationof portions which are different from the device of Embodiment 1 will bedescribed.

In the comparison means 312, a value to be compared is set by themicrocomputer means 314, thereby setting the target reproducing speed,the set comparison value (the comparison value is indicated by T') iscompared with the cycle T measured by the cycle measuring means 311, andthe size relationship is output in the form of a binary logic.

The operation of the thus configured device during track access will bedescribed.

FIG. 43 is a chart showing the procedure of the microcomputer means 314during access in Embodiment 2. it is assumed that the optical pickup 5is first at a predetermined position and the CD 1 is rotated at aconstant linear velocity. When the access command is not particularlyissued under this state, the reproduction enabling means 317 holds the"inhibit" state. As soon as the transfer of CD-ROM data is ended, thereproduction enabling means 317 sets the "inhibit" state. In FIG. 43,when access is accepted in step 1, the moving direction of the pickup isjudged in step 2. In the movement toward the inner periphery, when thetorque of the spindle motor means 2 is low and the rotation control ofthe disk is not sufficient, the linear velocity is low, and hence theminimum linear velocity is supervised. By contrast, in the movementtoward the outer periphery, the linear velocity is high, and hence themaximum linear velocity is supervised. In step 3, the cycle T1 of theframe synchronizing signal corresponding to the minimum linear velocityis set to the comparison means (T'=T1). The cycle T1 is a value ensuringthe minimum linear velocity at which an application software for aCD-ROM can normally operate. By contrast, in step 4, the cycle T2 of theframe synchronizing signal corresponding to the maximum linear velocityis set to the comparison means (T'=T2). Then, the optical pickup 5 ismoved in step 5 to the target position on the CD 1. When the opticalpickup 5 reaches the target position, judgement on synchronizationdetection is performed in step 6. If the synchronization detectionjudging means 315 judges that the frame synchronizing signal iscorrectly detected, the system proceeds to the next step. By contrast,if it is judged that the frame synchronizing signal is not correctlydetected, the system waits until the frame synchronizing signal iscorrectly detected. If the frame synchronizing signal is correctlydetected, the moving direction of the pickup is again judged in step 7.In the movement toward the inner periphery, when the rotation control ofthe disk is not sufficient, the linear velocity is low. In step 8, themeasured cycle T is compared with preset value T' (T'=T1). If the linearvelocity of the CD 1 is not higher than the minimum linear velocity as aresult of the comparison (i.e., the case of T>=T'), the system waitsuntil the linear velocity of the CD 1 becomes not lower than the minimumlinear velocity (T<T'). By contrast, in the movement toward the outerperiphery, the linear velocity is high. If the linear velocity of the CD1 exceeds the maximum linear velocity as a result of a comparison instep 9 (i.e., the case of T<T'), the system waits until the linearvelocity of the CD 1 becomes not higher than the maximum linear velocity(T>=T'). When the linear velocity becomes not lower than the minimumlinear velocity or not higher than the maximum linear velocity, thereproduction enabling means 317 sets the "enable" state in step 10.Then, the demodulation/correction means 316 outputs data to the CD-ROMdecoder 22 at a transfer rate depending on the linear velocity of the CD1, thereby starting reproduction of CD-ROM data.

FIGS. 44 and 45 are time charts showing the operation during access inEmbodiment 2. According to Embodiment 2, in addition to the effects ofEmbodiment 1, it is possible to attain the effect that, even when thelinear velocity of the disk is reduced to a very low value during accesstoward the inner periphery, the range of the minimum linear velocity atwhich an application software can normally operate is ensured.

Among CD-ROM drive devices, recently, devices which perform reproductionat a speed that is two times the reproducing speed of a compact diskdevice are mainly used (hereinafter, such a device is refereed to asdouble-speed device), and application softwares requiring the use of adouble-speed device are used. Therefore, it is preferable to set thelinear velocity of a double-speed or higher device as theabove-mentioned minimum linear velocity.

In order to supervise the minimum and maximum linear velocities,originally, two comparison means respectively corresponding to thelinear velocities are required. When an arbitrary comparison value canbe set to the comparison means 312 as Embodiment 2, the supervisory canbe executed by one comparison means.

Embodiment 3

As a next embodiment, the case where the rotation control of a diskduring access is performed by a compelled command will be described.

FIG. 46 is a block diagram showing Embodiment 3. The components of theembodiment shown in FIG. 46 which are identical with those of Embodiment2 shown in FIG. 42 are designated by the same numerals, and theirdetailed description is omitted. The configuration of portions which aredifferent from the device of Embodiment 2 will be described withreference to FIG. 46.

It is configured so that the cycle T of the frame synchronizing signaldetected by the cycle measuring means 311 can be read by themicrocomputer means 314. Maximum deceleration means 321 is means forgiving a maximum deceleration command in an open loop to the spindlemotor means 2. Maximum acceleration means 322 is means for giving amaximum acceleration command in an open loop to the spindle motor means2. Switching means 323 is means for selecting one of the spindle controlcircuit 3, the maximum deceleration means 321, and the maximumacceleration means 322, as the command to the spindle motor means 2, andis configured so as to be switched by a command from the microcomputermeans 314.

The operation of the thus configured device during access will bedescribed. FIG. 47 is a chart showing the procedure of the microcomputermeans 314 during access in Embodiment 3. It is assumed that the opticalpickup 5 is first at a predetermined position and the CD 1 is rotated ata constant linear velocity. When the access command is not particularlyissued under this state, the reproduction enabling means 317 holds the"inhibit" state. As soon as the transfer of CD-ROM data is ended, thereproduction enabling means 317 sets the "inhibit" state. In FIG. 47,when access is accepted in step 1, the moving direction of the pickup isjudged in step 2. In the movement toward the inner periphery, the cycleT1 of the frame synchronizing signal corresponding to the minimum linearvelocity is set in step 3 to the comparison means (T'=T1). By contrast,in the movement toward the outer periphery, the cycle T2 of the framesynchronizing signal corresponding to the maximum linear velocity is setin step 4 to the comparison means (T'=T2). Thereafter, the movementtoward the inner periphery, the switching means 323 is set in step 5 tothe connection with the maximum acceleration means 322. In the movementtoward the outer periphery, the switching means 323 is set in step 6 tothe connection with the maximum deceleration means 321. The opticalpickup 5 is moved in step 7 to the target position on the CD 1. When theoptical pickup 5 reaches the target position, the switching means 323 isset in step 8 to the connection with the spindle control circuit 3. As aresult, only when the optical pickup 5 is being moved, the spindle motormeans 2 is controlled by a compelled command in an open loop.Thereafter, judgement on synchronization detection is performed in step9. If the synchronization detection judging means 315 judges that theframe synchronizing signal is correctly detected, the system proceeds tothe next step. By contrast, if it is judged that the frame synchronizingsignal is not correctly detected, the system waits until the framesynchronizing signal is correctly detected. If the frame synchronizingsignal is correctly detected, the microcomputer means 314 reads out instep 10 the measured cycle T, and the range of the measured cycle T ischecked inside the microcomputer means 314. If the measured cycle T isT2<=T<T1, the linear velocity is within the target range, and the systemproceeds to step 15. If T>=T1, the linear velocity is not higher thanminimum linear velocity, and hence the minimum linear velocity issupervised. In step 11, the cycle T1 of the minimum linear velocity isset to the comparison means (T'T1). Thereafter, the comparison means 312compares in step 13 the measured cycle T with the preset value T'(T'=T1), and then the system waits until the linear velocity of the CD 1becomes not lower than the minimum linear velocity (T<T'). By contrast,if T<T2 in step 10, the linear velocity is not lower than the maximumlinear velocity, and hence the maximum linear velocity is supervised. Instep 12, the cycle T2 of the maximum linear velocity is set to thecomparison means (T'=T2). Thereafter, the comparison means 312 comparesin step 14 the measured cycle T with the preset value T' (T'=T1), andthen the system waits until the linear velocity of the CD 1 becomes nothigher than the maximum linear velocity (T>=T'). If the linear velocitybecomes not lower than the minimum linear velocity or not higher thanthe maximum linear velocity, the system proceeds to step 15. In step 15,the reproduction enabling means 317 sets the "enable" state. Then, thedemodulation/correction means 316 outputs data to the CD-ROM decoder 22at a transfer rate depending on the linear velocity of the CD 1, therebystarting reproduction of CD-ROM data.

FIGS. 48 and 49 are time charts showing the operation during access inEmbodiment 3. FIG. 48 shows the operation in the case where, in accesstoward the inner periphery, the spindle motor means 2 is maximumlyaccelerated during the movement of the optical pickup 5, thereby causingovershoot. FIG. 49 shows the operation in the case where, in accesstoward the outer periphery, the spindle motor means 2 is maximumlydecelerated during the movement of the optical pickup 5, thereby causingundershoot. In such a case where the torque of the spindle motor means 2is excessive and overshoot or undershoot may be produced by a compelledcommand, in a method such as that of Embodiment 2, data reproduction isstarted even when the linear velocity is outside the target range. Inthe case of FIG. 48, for example, when only the minimum linear velocityis supervised during access toward the inner periphery as in the case ofEmbodiment 2, the linear velocity in possible overshoot may exceed themaximum linear velocity. Similarly, in the case of FIG. 49, when onlythe maximum linear velocity is supervised during access toward the outerperiphery, the linear velocity in possible undershoot may be reduced soas not to be higher than the minimum linear velocity. In Embodiment 3,therefore, the range of the measured cycle detected by the cyclemeasuring means 311 is checked by the microcomputer means 314, wherebythe start of data reproduction is inhibited until the linear velocityreaches the target range.

Embodiment 4

Next, Embodiment 4 will be described. The device of Embodiment 4 isconfigured in the same manner as that of Embodiment 2. The operation ofEmbodiment 4 during access will be described.

FIG. 50 is a chart showing the procedure of the microcomputer means 314during access in Embodiment 4. It is assumed that the optical pickup 5is first at a predetermined position and the CD 1 is rotated at aconstant linear velocity. When the access command is not particularlyissued under this state, the reproduction enabling means 317 holds the"inhibit" state. As soon as the transfer of CD-ROM data is ended, thereproduction enabling means 317 sets the "inhibit" state. In FIG. 50,when access is accepted in step 1, judgement on the recording andreproducing system (hereinafter, referred to as the data format) of theCD-ROM disk is performed in step 2. In the data format of a CD-ROM, forexample, form 1 of modes 1 and 2 contains data for error correction, andhence the maximum linear velocity for ensuring an error rate of theminimum required level during data reproduction is higher than that inthe case form 2 of mode 2 which contains no data for error correction.When the data format is, for example, form 1 of modes 1 and 2,therefore, the cycle T3 of the frame synchronizing signal correspondingto the maximum linear velocity is set in step 3 to the comparison means(T'=T3). It is assumed that the cycle T3 corresponds to the maximumlinear velocity necessary for ensuring an error rate of the minimumrequired level during reproduction of data of form 1 of modes 1 and 2.By contrast, in step 4, the cycle T4 of the frame synchronizing signalcorresponding to the maximum linear velocity is set to the comparisonmeans (T'=T4). It is assumed that the cycle T4 corresponds to themaximum linear velocity necessary for ensuring an error rate of theminimum required level during reproduction of data of form 2 of mode 2.Then, the optical pickup 5 is moved in step 5 to the target position onthe CD 1. When the optical pickup 5 reaches the target position,judgement on synchronization detection is performed in step 6. If thesynchronization detection judging means 315 judges that the framesynchronizing signal is correctly detected, the system proceeds to thenext step. By contrast, if it is judged that the frame synchronizingsignal is not correctly detected, the system waits until the framesynchronizing signal is correctly detected. If the frame synchronizingsignal is correctly detected, the measured cycle T is compared in step 7with preset value T'. If the linear velocity of the CD 1 exceeds themaximum linear velocity as a result of the comparison (i.e., the case ofT<T'), the system waits until the linear velocity of the CD 1 becomesnot higher than the maximum linear velocity (T>=T'). When the linearvelocity becomes not higher than the maximum linear reproductionenabling means 317 sets the "enable" state in step 8. Then, thedemodulation/correction means 316 outputs data to the CD-ROM decoder 22at a transfer rate depending on the linear velocity of the CD 1, therebystarting reproduction of CD-ROM data.

As described above, according to Embodiment 4, the target maximum linearvelocity can be changed in accordance with the data format of the disk,and hence it is possible to set the maximum linear velocity which isoptimum for each data format. For a data format such as that containingdata for error correction, therefore, the linear velocity can reach thetarget more rapidly as compared with the case where a uniform maximumlinear velocity is used for any data format. In some kinds of dataformat, the maximum linear velocity is set to be higher. Therefore, itis expected to attain access of a higher speed. In Embodiment 4described above, the preset value of the maximum linear velocity ischanged depending on the data format. Also in the case where the minimumlinear velocity at which operation is enabled is varied depending on thedata format, when the device is configured in the same manner asEmbodiment 4, the invention can be executed. In this case, if T>=T' instep 7 of FIG. 50, the system may wait, and, at the timing when T<T' isattained and the linear velocity becomes not lower than the minimumlinear velocity, the system may proceed to the next step.

Embodiment 5

Next, Embodiment 5 is shown in the block diagram of FIG. 51.

In the device of the embodiment shown in FIG. 51, the components whichare identical with those of Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 42 are designatedby the same numerals, and their detailed description is omitted.Referring to FIG. 51, the configuration of portions which are differentfrom the device of Embodiment 2 will be described.

A/D converting means 332 and 334 are means for converting an analogvoltage value into digital data. The A/D converting means 332 measuresthe power source voltage and outputs it to the microcomputer means 314.Temperature measuring means 333 measures the temperature in the diskreproducing device, and converts it into an analog voltage value. TheA/D converting means 334 is configured so as to output the measuredtemperature obtained from the temperature measuring means 333, to themicrocomputer means 314.

The operation of the thus configured device in n-th access will bedescribed. FIG. 52 is a chart showing the procedure of the microcomputermeans 314 during access in Embodiment 5. It is assumed that the opticalpickup 5 is first at a predetermined position and the CD 1 is rotated ata constant linear velocity. When the access command is not particularlyissued under this state, the reproduction enabling means 317 holds the"inhibit" state. As soon as the transfer of CD-ROM data is ended, thereproduction enabling means 317 sets the "inhibit" state. In FIG. 52,when access is accepted in step 1, the A/D converting means 332 suppliesin step 2 the power source voltage (indicated by E(n)) at this timing tothe microcomputer means 314. Furthermore, the ambient temperature atthis timing (indicated by Th(n)) measured by the temperature measuringmeans 333 is supplied to the microcomputer means 314 via the A/Dconverting means 334. At this time, the cycle of the maximum linearvelocity (indicated by T(n)) in which variations of the power sourcevoltage E(n) and the ambient temperature Th(n) are used as parameters isdetermined. For example, T(n) is obtained in the following manner. Whilechanging the power source voltage and the ambient temperature, theproperty of the maximum linear velocity at which the reproduction systemcan operate are previously obtained by experiments. The results arewritten into a ROM table, and the table is then referred. Alternatively,an approximate expression is formulated on the basis the properties ofthe maximum linear velocity obtained in the experiments, and then T(n)is calculated. In step 4, the cycle T(n) of the maximum linear velocityis set to the comparison means (T'=T(n)). Then, the optical pickup 5 ismoved in step 5 to the target position on the CD 1. When the opticalpickup 5 reaches the target position, judgement on synchronizationdetection is performed in step 6. If the synchronization detectionjudging means 315 judges that the frame synchronizing signal iscorrectly detected, the system proceeds to the next step. By contrast,if it is judged that the frame synchronizing signal is not correctlydetected, the system waits until the frame synchronizing signal iscorrectly detected. If the frame synchronizing signal is correctlydetected, the measured cycle T is compared in step 7 with the presetvalue T'. If the linear velocity of the CD 1 exceeds the maximum linearvelocity as a result of the comparison (i.e., the case of T<T'), thesystem waits until the linear velocity of the CD 1 becomes not higherthan the maximum linear velocity (T>=T'). When the linear velocitybecomes not higher than the maximum linear velocity, the reproductionenabling means 317 sets the "enable" state in step 8. Then, thedemodulation/correction means 316 outputs data to the CD-ROM decoder 22at a transfer rate depending on the linear velocity of the CD 1, therebystarting reproduction of CD-ROM data.

As described above, according to Embodiment 5, the maximum linearvelocity can be updated in accordance with the change of the powersource voltage and the ambient temperature of the disk reproducingdevice. Even in the case where the maximum linear velocity at whichreproduction is enabled is largely changed depending on the power sourcevoltage and the ambient temperature, a margin for the maximum linearvelocity required for stable operation can be made smaller as comparedwith the case where the maximum linear velocity is used as a criterionwith using a fixed threshold. As a result, access of a higher speed canbe performed.

Embodiment 6

Next, Embodiment 6 is shown in the block diagram of FIG. 53. In thedevice of the embodiment shown in FIG. 53, the components which areidentical with those of Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 42 are designated bythe same numerals, and their detailed description is omitted. Referringto FIG. 53, the configuration of portions which are different from thedevice of Embodiment 2 will be described.

The error flag output from the demodulation/correction means 316 issupplied to the microcomputer means 314. The error flag is a flagindicating whether the code error correction of thedemodulation/correction means 316 is correctly performed or not, andrepresented in the form of a binary logic. Namely, the flag is a signalindicating that, when "H" level, correction is not correctly performed,and that, when "L H" level, correction is correctly performed.

The operation of the thus configured device will be described. In thedevice, after processing such as the spin-up operation of the desk, aprocess of determining the cycle (indicated by T') of the maximum linearvelocity at which reproduction is enabled is first performed by themicrocomputer means 314. It is assumed that, after this process, thestate in which a command can be accepted is established. The procedureof the microcomputer means 314 during access in Embodiment 6 isbasically identical with that of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 39, andhence its detailed description is omitted. However, the cycle T' inEmbodiment 6 is not a fixed threshold but the cycle T' of the maximumlinear velocity which is determined after the above-mentioned spin-up.The manner of obtaining the cycle T' of the maximum linear velocity willbe described.

FIG. 54 shows the operation of Embodiment 6 in the case where the cycleof the maximum linear velocity is determined. First, the rotation numberof the disk is forcedly gradually increased. This can be performed byone of the following three methods. In the first method, the variablepitch control function incorporated in the disk reproducing device isused. According to this function, reproduction can be performed whilechanging the linear velocity at a certain factor with respect to thenormal linear velocity. For example, the interval adjustment inreproduction of a Karaoke disk corresponds to the function. This isperformed by, in the spindle control circuit 3, internally changing thefrequency division ratio of the reference clock signal to be referenced.In the second method, the FG control system is used. In the thirdmethod, access is performed while determining a certain distance towardthe outer periphery.

Then, the microcomputer means 314 captures the error flag signal as aninterrupt input, thereby counting the number of interruptions per unittime. The interruption number is indicated by I(k) where k=1, 2 . . . n.Even when I(k)=0, however, the maximum value is substituted into I(k) inthe case where the error flag remains to be "H" level. In FIG. 54, whenthe rotation number of the disk is normal, the interruption number I(k)is 0. When, as the rotation number is gradually increased, the linearvelocity approaches the maximum linear velocity at which reproduction isenabled, the occurrence frequency of "H" level in the error flag becomeshigher, and hence I(k) becomes unequal to 0. The microcomputer means 314captures the output of the cycle measuring means 311 at the timing whenI(k) becomes unequal to 0 for the first time. The measured cycle at thistime is indicted by Tk. A cycle which is obtained by adding a suitablemargin (indicated by Tm) to Tk can be set as the cycle T' of the maximumlinear velocity (T'=Tk+Tm). When T' is obtained, the rotation number ofthe disk is returned to a normal one. In Embodiment 6, when dust orscratches exist on the disk medium, the error flag may be kept to beoutput and hence I(k) may not be 0 from the beginning. In such a case, acycle T2 of the maximum linear velocity which is previously prepared isset as T' (T'=T2). In Embodiment 6, the maximum linear velocity isdetermined while performing acceleration. Alternatively, the maximumlinear velocity may be obtained while decelerating from the maximumspeed. Also in the alternative, it is possible to attain the sameeffects.

As described above, according to Embodiment 6, the maximum linearvelocity is determined at the spin-up start of the disk reproducingdevice. In the case where the maximum linear velocity at whichreproduction is enabled is largely varied depending on a diskreproducing device, therefore, a margin for the maximum linear velocityrequired for stable operation can be made smaller as compared with thecase where the maximum linear velocity is used as a criterion with usinga fixed threshold. As a result, access of a higher speed can beperformed.

Embodiment 7

Next, Embodiment 7 will be described. The device of the embodiment isconfigured in the same manner as that of Embodiment 6 shown in FIG. 53.

The operation of Embodiment 7 in n-th access will be described. FIG. 55shows the procedure of the microcomputer means 314 during access inEmbodiment 7. It is assumed that the optical pickup 5 is first at apredetermined position and the CD 1 is rotated at a constant linearvelocity. When the access command is not particularly issued under thisstate, the reproduction enabling means 317 holds the "inhibit" state. Assoon as the transfer of CD-ROM data is ended, the reproduction enablingmeans 317 sets the "inhibit" state. In FIG. 55, when access is acceptedin step 1, the cycle of the maximum linear velocity obtained in (n-1)-thaccess (indicated by T(n-1)) is set in step 2 to the comparison means.Then, the optical pickup 5 is moved in step 3 to the target position onthe CD 1, and judgement on synchronization detection is performed instep 4. If the synchronization detection judging means 315 judges thatthe frame synchronizing signal is correctly detected, the systemproceeds to the next step 5. In step 5, the moving direction of theoptical pickup 5 is judged. If the movement is directed to the innerperiphery, the system proceeds to step 7, and, if the movement isdirected to the outer periphery, the system proceeds to step 6. Themicrocomputer means 14 performs in step 6 the process of updating thecycle of the maximum linear velocity at which reproduction is enabled(indicated by T(n)). Then, the measured cycle T is compared in step 7with the preset value T'. If the linear velocity of the CD 1 exceeds themaximum linear velocity as a result of the comparison (i.e., the case ofT<T'), the system waits until the linear velocity of the CD 1 becomesnot higher than the maximum linear velocity (T>=T'). When the linearvelocity becomes not higher than the maximum linear velocity, thereproduction enabling means 317 sets the "enable" state in step 8. Then,the demodulation/correction means 316 outputs data to the CD-ROM decoder22 at a transfer rate depending on the linear velocity of the CD 1,thereby starting reproduction of CD-ROM data.

The manner of obtaining the cycle T(n) of the maximum linear velocitywill be described. FIG. 56 shows the operation (time chart) in n-thaccess in Embodiment 7, and shows also the operation in thedetermination of the cycle T(n) of the maximum linear velocity. Theinterruption number of the error flag in FIG. 56 indicates the number ofinterruptions per unit time which is counted by capturing the error flagsignal as an interrupt input by the microcomputer means 314. Theinterruption number is indicated by I(k) where k=1, 2 . . . n. Even whenI(k)=0, however, the maximum value is substituted into I(k) in the casewhere the error flag remains to be "H" level. In FIG. 56, when therotation number of the disk is not lower than the maximum linearvelocity, interruption number I(k) has the maximum value or a value inthe vicinity of the maximum value. When, as the rotation number isgradually decreased, the linear velocity approaches the maximum linearvelocity at which reproduction is enabled, the occurrence frequency of"L" level in the error flag becomes higher, and hence I(k) becomes 0.The microcomputer means 314 captures the output of the cycle measuringmeans 311 at the timing when I(k) becomes 0 for the first time. Themeasured cycle at this time is indicted by Tk. A cycle which is obtainedby adding a suitable margin (indicated by Tm) to Tk can be set as thecycle T(n) of the maximum linear velocity (T(n)=Tk +Tm). The timing whenthe reproduction enable signal in FIG. 56 is set to "enable" depends onthe cycle T(n-1) of the maximum linear velocity which is determined in(n-1)-th access. With respect to T(n-1)=T(0) in (n=1)-th access,however, a cycle T2 of the maximum linear velocity which is previouslyprepared is given as an initial value (T(0)=T2). When dust or scratchesexist on the disk medium, the error flag may be kept to be output andhence I(k) may not be 0 even after the specified reading speed (thespeed when the linear velocity of the disk becomes constant) isattained. In such a case, in Embodiment 7, the cycle T(n-1) of themaximum linear velocity which is obtained in (n-1)-th access may besubstituted into T(n).

As described above, according to Embodiment 7, the maximum linearvelocity is updated in each access. In the case where the maximum linearvelocity is largely varied depending on a disk reproducing device,therefore, a margin for the maximum linear velocity required for stableoperation can be made smaller as compared with the case where themaximum linear velocity is used as a criterion with using a fixedthreshold. As a result, access of a higher speed can be performed. Evenin the case where the maximum linear velocity at which reproduction isenabled is largely changed depending on the power source voltage and theambient temperature, the maximum linear velocity can be sequentiallyupdated, and hence the operation can be stably conducted.

In Embodiments 6 and 7, the output of the CD-ROM decoder may be used asthe error flag. For example, the embodiment may be executed in the samemanner also by using the illegal synchronizing signal detected in theCD-ROM decode, the error correction disable flag signal (illegal ECC) ofa CD-ROM, or the error detection signal (illegal EDC) of a CD-ROM.

In Embodiments 1 to 7 described above, the cycle measuring means 311measures the cycle of the frame synchronizing signal detected by thesynchronization detecting circuit 11. The embodiments may be executed inthe same manner also by measuring the cycle of the regenerative clocksignal (PLL) output from the regenerative clock signal extracting PLLcircuit 9. In this case, when the reproduced signal is disturbed byscratches or dust on the disk, the PLL is largely varied, and hencethere may arise the possibility that the correct cycle cannot beobtained. Therefore, the method of the embodiment in which the cycle ofthe frame synchronizing signal is measured is more preferable. Theembodiments may be executed in the same manner also by, in themeasurement of the linear velocity, in place of measuring the cycle ofthe frame synchronizing signal, using the frequency of the framesynchronizing signal, the cycle of the synchronizing signal of thesubcode of a compact disk, or the cycle of the synchronizing signal ofCD-ROM data. In these cases, however, the sampling interval forobtaining the measurement result of the linear velocity is prolonged.After all, therefore, the method of the embodiment in which the cycle ofthe frame synchronizing signal is measured is more preferable.

In Embodiments 1 to 7, the reproduction enabling means 317 is disposedin a stage previous to the CD-ROM decoder 22, thereby determining thetiming of starting data reproduction. These embodiments may be executedalso by a method in which the means is disposed in a stage subsequent tothe CD-ROM decoding circuit 22, thereby determining the timing ofstarting the output of reproduced data. In the case where descrambledCD-ROM data are stored in a buffer RAM or the like, these embodimentsmay be executed also by controlling the timing of starting the writinginto the buffer RAM.

Although the invention has been described in its preferred form with acertain degree of particularity, it is understood that the presentdisclosure of the preferred form has been changed in the details ofconstruction and the combination and arrangement of parts may beresorted to without departing from the spirit and the scope of theinvention as hereinafter claimed. Industrial Applicability

The invention can ensure the reproduction quality in the case where adisk wherein recording was performed by the CLV system is reproduced bythe variable linear velocity reproduction system, and enables high-speedaccess while suppressing heat generation of a spindle motor. When theinvention is applied to a CD-ROM drive device or the like, therefore,high-speed access is enabled with reduced power consumption.

We claim:
 1. A disk reproducing device comprising:clock signalextracting means for extracting a clock signal from a reproduced signal;signal-processing clock-signal generating means for generating a clocksignal for signal processing from the reproduced signal; data temporarystorage means for writing data with reference to an output of said clocksignal extracting means, and reading out data with reference to anoutput of said clock signal for signal processing; write addressgenerating means for generating a write address for said data temporarystorage means; reference clock signal generating means for generating areference clock signal; virtual read address generating means forgenerating a virtual data read address from said reference clock signalgenerating means; frequency comparison means for comparing the output ofsaid clock signal extracting means with an output of said referenceclock signal generating means, and performing frequency comparison;phase comparison means for performing phase comparison with reference toan output of said write address generating means and an output of saidvirtual read address generating means; and spindle control means forcontrolling rotation of a disk with reference to an output of saidfrequency comparison means and an output of said phase comparison means.